Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ogmos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂óǵmos, from *h₂eǵ- (“to drive”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὄγμος (ógmos) and Sanskrit अज्म (ajma).[1][2]

Noun

*ogmos m

  1. path, orbit
  2. furrow, track

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *ogmos *ogmou *ogmoi
vocative *ogme *ogmou *ogmoi
accusative *ogmom *ogmou *ogmons
genitive *ogmī *ogmous *ogmom
dative *ogmūi *ogmobom *ogmobos
locative *ogmei *? *?
instrumental *ogmū *ogmobim *ogmūis

Reconstruction notes

  • This word has a consonant cluster *-gm- which has caused much controversy over what its Goidelic outcome should be.
    • Unlike many other obstruent + nasal clusters, -gm- does not seem to yield a long vowel via the deletion of -g- and compensatory lengthening; instead, the -g- is preserved.
    • Many scholars, across centuries, refused to accept that the preservation of the -g- in a cluster -gm- could happen, and therefore deny a connection with Ancient Greek ὄγμος (ógmos).

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Old Irish: ogum

References

  1. ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “ogmios”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 239
  2. ^ Stifter, David (1 May 2020) “Insular Celtic: Ogam”, in Palaeohispanica, number 20, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 855–885
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