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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti. Cognate with Sanskrit अजति (ajati), Latin agō, Old Armenian ածեմ (acem).
Verb
*ageti
- to drive
Inflection
| Thematic present, t-preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*agū
|
*agemam
|
—
|
*agam
|
| 2nd singular
|
*agesi
|
*agetās
|
—
|
*axs
|
| 3rd singular
|
*ageti
|
*ageto
|
—
|
*axt
|
| 1st plural
|
*agomosi
|
*agemo
|
—
|
*agme
|
| 2nd plural
|
*agetesi
|
*agestē
|
—
|
*axte
|
| 3rd plural
|
*agonti
|
*agento
|
—
|
*agant
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*agāsū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*agāsesi
|
?
|
*age
|
| 3rd singular
|
*agāseti
|
?
|
*agetou
|
| 1st plural
|
*agāsomosi
|
?
|
*agomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*agāsetesi
|
?
|
*agete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*agāsonti
|
?
|
*agontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*agūr
|
—
|
—
|
?
|
| 2nd singular
|
*agetar
|
—
|
—
|
?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*agetor
|
?
|
—
|
?
|
| 1st plural
|
*agommor
|
—
|
—
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
|
*agedwe
|
—
|
—
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*agontor
|
?
|
—
|
*aganto
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*agāsūr
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*agāsetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*agāsetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*agāsommor
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*agāsedwe
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*agāsontor
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*agonts
|
*agonte
|
*agontes
|
| vocative
|
*agonts
|
*agonte
|
*agontes
|
| accusative
|
*agontam
|
*agonte
|
*agontans
|
| genitive
|
*agantos
|
*?
|
*agantom
|
| dative
|
*agantei
|
*agantbom
|
*agantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*agantī?
|
*agantbim
|
*agantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*agantī
|
*agantī
|
*agantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*agantī
|
*agantī
|
*agantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*agantīm
|
*agantī
|
*agantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*agantyās
|
*?
|
*agantyom
|
| dative
|
*agantyāi
|
*agantyābom
|
*agantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*agantyābim
|
*agantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*agont
|
*?
|
*agonta
|
| vocative
|
*agont
|
*?
|
*agonta
|
| accusative
|
*agont
|
*?
|
*agonta
|
| genitive
|
*agantos
|
*?
|
*agantom
|
| dative
|
*agantei
|
*?
|
*agantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*agantī?
|
*?
|
*agantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*agomnos
|
*agomnou
|
*agomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*agomne
|
*agomnou
|
*agomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*agomnom
|
*agomnou
|
*agomnons
|
| genitive
|
*agomnī
|
*agomnous
|
*agomnom
|
| dative
|
*agomnūi
|
*agomnobom
|
*agomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*agomnū
|
*agomnobim
|
*agomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*agomnā
|
*agomnai
|
*agomnās
|
| vocative
|
*agomnā
|
*agomnai
|
*agomnās
|
| accusative
|
*agomnam
|
*agomnai
|
*agomnans
|
| genitive
|
*agomnās
|
*agomnous
|
*agomnom
|
| dative
|
*agomnai
|
*agomnābom
|
*agomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*agomnābim
|
*agomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*agomnom
|
*agomnou
|
*agomnā
|
| vocative
|
*agomnom
|
*agomnou
|
*agomnā
|
| accusative
|
*agomnom
|
*agomnou
|
*agomnā
|
| genitive
|
*agomnī
|
*agomnous
|
*agomnom
|
| dative
|
*agomnūi
|
*agomnobom
|
*agomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*agomnū
|
*agomnobim
|
*agomnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*axtos
|
*axtou
|
*axtoi
|
| vocative
|
*axte
|
*axtou
|
*axtoi
|
| accusative
|
*axtom
|
*axtou
|
*axtons
|
| genitive
|
*axtī
|
*axtous
|
*axtom
|
| dative
|
*axtūi
|
*axtobom
|
*axtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*axtū
|
*axtobim
|
*axtobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*axtā
|
*axtai
|
*axtās
|
| vocative
|
*axtā
|
*axtai
|
*axtās
|
| accusative
|
*axtam
|
*axtai
|
*axtans
|
| genitive
|
*axtās
|
*axtous
|
*axtom
|
| dative
|
*axtai
|
*axtābom
|
*axtābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*axtābim
|
*axtābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*axtom
|
*axtou
|
*axtā
|
| vocative
|
*axtom
|
*axtou
|
*axtā
|
| accusative
|
*axtom
|
*axtou
|
*axtā
|
| genitive
|
*axtī
|
*axtous
|
*axtom
|
| dative
|
*axtūi
|
*axtobom
|
*axtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*axtū
|
*axtobim
|
*axtobis
|
This verb was subject to pervasive suppletion in all daughter languages, moreso in Brythonic, often taking up forms originally from *ɸalnati.
Derived terms
- *agnā
- *ad-ageti
- *to-ageti
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Breton: dont (finite forms)
- Cornish: dones, dos (finite forms)
- Welsh: dod (finite forms)
- Old Irish: do·aig (“to drive off”)
- *uxs-ageti
- Celtiberian: usaketuz (3sg. imperative)
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *ėɣɨd
- Middle Breton: a
- Cornish: a
- Old Welsh: agit, hegit
- Middle Welsh: ëyt
- Welsh: af (inflected forms of mynd)
- Old Irish: aigid, ·aig
References