Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þagjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈθɑɣ.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tak- or *tHk-. Cognate with Proto-Italic *takēō.

Verb

*þagjaną

to be silent, to not speak
Antonyms: *sagjaną, *kweþaną

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 3 j-present)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*þagjō	*þagjaų	—	—	—
2nd singular	*þagaisi	*þagjais	*þagai	—	—
3rd singular	*þagaiþi	*þagjai	*þagjaþau	—	—
1st dual	*þagjōs	*þagjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*þagjaþiz	*þagjaiþiz	*þagjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*þagjamaz	*þagjaim	—	—	—
2nd plural	*þagaiþ	*þagjaiþ	*þagaiþ	—	—
3rd plural	*þagjanþi	*þagjain	*þagjanþau	—	—

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þagdǭ	*þagdēdį̄
2nd singular	*þagdēz	*þagdēdīz
3rd singular	*þagdē	*þagdēdī
1st dual	*þagdēdū	*þagdēdīw
2nd dual	*þagdēdudiz	*þagdēdīdiz
1st plural	*þagdēdum	*þagdēdīm
2nd plural	*þagdēdud	*þagdēdīd
3rd plural	*þagdēdun	*þagdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*þagjandz	*þagdaz

Related terms

*þaggōną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *þagēn
- Old High German: dagēn
  - German: dagen (obsolete)
Old Norse: þegja
- Icelandic: þegja
- Faroese: tiga
- Norwegian Nynorsk: tegja, teia; (dialectal) tea, tigja, tiga, teiga, tyjå
- Elfdalian: taja
- Old Swedish: þighia
  - Swedish: tiga
- Old Danish: thighæ
  - Danish: tie
    - Norwegian Bokmål: tie
  - Scanian: tæğa, tiğa
- Gutnish: tige
Gothic: 𐌸𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 (þahan)

Etymology 2

Iterative-intensive formation derived from *þigjaną.

Verb

*þagjaną

(West Germanic) to take, consume

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*þagjō	*þagjaų	—	*þagjai	?
2nd singular	*þagisi	*þagjais	*þagi	*þagjasai	*þagjaisau
3rd singular	*þagiþi	*þagjai	*þagjaþau	*þagjaþai	*þagjaiþau
1st dual	*þagjōs	*þagjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*þagjaþiz	*þagjaiþiz	*þagjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*þagjamaz	*þagjaim	—	*þagjanþai	*þagjainþau
2nd plural	*þagiþ	*þagjaiþ	*þagiþ	*þagjanþai	*þagjainþau
3rd plural	*þagjanþi	*þagjain	*þagjanþau	*þagjanþai	*þagjainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þagidǭ	*þagidēdį̄
2nd singular	*þagidēz	*þagidēdīz
3rd singular	*þagidē	*þagidēdī
1st dual	*þagidēdū	*þagidēdīw
2nd dual	*þagidēdudiz	*þagidēdīdiz
1st plural	*þagidēdum	*þagidēdīm
2nd plural	*þagidēdud	*þagidēdīd
3rd plural	*þagidēdun	*þagidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*þagjandz	*þagidaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *þagjan
- Old English: þeċġan, āþeċġan