Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þurbaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tetórpe, from *terp- (“to satiate”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈθur.βɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*þurbaną

  1. to need, to require
  2. to have to

Inflection

Conjugation of (preterite-present)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *þarf *þurbį̄ — — —
2nd singular *þarft *þurbīz — — —
3rd singular *þarf *þurbī — — —
1st dual *þurbū *þurbīw — — —
2nd dual *þurbudiz *þurbīdiz — — —
1st plural *þurbum *þurbīm — — —
2nd plural *þurbud *þurbīd — — —
3rd plural *þurbun *þurbīn — — —
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *þurftǭ *þurftēdį̄
2nd singular *þurftēz *þurftēdīz
3rd singular *þurftē *þurftēdī
1st dual *þurftēdū *þurftēdīw
2nd dual *þurftēdudiz *þurftēdīdiz
1st plural *þurftēdum *þurftēdīm
2nd plural *þurftēdud *þurftēdīd
3rd plural *þurftēdun *þurftēdīn
present past
participles *þurbandz *þurftaz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þurfan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 552
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