Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arbaidiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier *arbaiþiz. Apparently linked to a verb *arbijaną, *arbāną (“be orphaned”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”) +‎ *-tis (whence *-þiz), though the formation is unclear. Compare, with a different suffix, Proto-Slavic *orbota (“work”).[1] It may also be an old compound term, deriving from Pre-Germanic *h₃órbʰos + *h₁éytis (whence *idiz (“work”)).

PIE word
*h₃órbʰos

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑr.βɑi̯.ðiz/

Noun

*arbaidiz f[1][2]

  1. labour, work, toil
  2. hardship, suffering

Inflection

Declension of *arbaidiz (i-stem)
singular plural
nominative *arbaidiz *arbaidīz
vocative *arbaidi *arbaidīz
accusative *arbaidį *arbaidinz
genitive *arbaidīz *arbaidijǫ̂
dative *arbaidī *arbaidimaz
instrumental *arbaidī *arbaidimiz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*arbaidi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 33
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*arbaidiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 22
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