Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/diurijaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown.[1][2]

One suggested derivation is from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”), which assumes a semantic shift of “to heat up” > “warming” > “dear, cherished”.[2] However, the semantic variation among descendants (see more at *diuriþō) may point to the original meaning having been “rare, scarce”. Alternatively, Guus Kroonen notes that this adjective is similar to Proto–West Germanic *dūrēn (“to grieve, regret, suffer”) (whence German dauern, Middle English douren), ultimately a loan from Latin dūrus (“tough, hard”),[note 1] and may be a vṛddhi-gerundive thereof. In that case, the semantic development would have been 'mournable' > 'precious, expensive, dear'.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdiu̯.ri.jɑz/

Adjective

*diurijaz[1]

  1. dear, precious
  2. expensive

Inflection

Declension of *diurijaz (ja-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *diurijaz *diurijō *diuriją, -atō *diurijai *diurijôz *diurijō
accusative *diurijanǭ *diurijǭ *diuriją, -atō *diurijanz *diurijōz *diurijō
genitive *diurijas, -is *diurijaizōz *diurijas, -is *diurijaizǫ̂ *diurijaizǫ̂ *diurijaizǫ̂
dative *diurijammai *diurijaizōi *diurijammai *diurijaimaz *diurijaimaz *diurijaimaz
instrumental *diurijanō *diurijaizō *diurijanō *diurijaimiz *diurijaimiz *diurijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *diurijô *diurijǭ *diurijô *diurijaniz *diurijōniz *diurijōnō
accusative *diurijanų *diurijōnų *diurijô *diurijanunz *diurijōnunz *diurijōnō
genitive *diuriiniz *diurijōniz *diuriiniz *diurijanǫ̂ *diurijōnǫ̂ *diurijanǫ̂
dative *diuriini *diurijōni *diuriini *diurijammaz *diurijōmaz *diurijammaz
instrumental *diuriinē *diurijōnē *diuriinē *diurijammiz *diurijōmiz *diurijammiz

Derived terms

Descendants

Notes

  1. ^ Or instead, Kroonen suggests, possibly related to *drūrēn (“to mourn”), perhaps by dissimilation of the first *r.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*deurja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 94
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 www.wissen.de: teuer
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