deer
English
Etymology
From Middle English deere, dere, der, dier, deor (“small animal, deer”), from Old English dēor (“animal”), from Proto-West Germanic *deuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *deuzą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewsóm (“living thing”), from *dʰéws (“breath”), full-grade derivative of *dʰwes-.
Cognate with Scots dere, deir (“deer”), North Frisian dier (“animal, beast”), West Frisian dier (“animal, beast”), Dutch dier (“animal, beast”), German Low German Deer, Deert (“animal”), German Tier (“animal, beast”), Swedish djur (“animal, beast”), Norwegian dyr (“animal, beast”), Icelandic dýr (“animal, beast”), Danish dyr (“animal, beast”).
Related also to Albanian dash (“ram”) (possibly), Lithuanian daũsos (“upper air; heaven”), Lithuanian dùsti (“to sigh”), Russian душа́ (dušá, “breath, spirit”), Lithuanian dvėsti (“to breathe, exhale”), Sanskrit ध्वंसति (dhvaṃsati, “he falls to dust”).
For the semantic development compare Latin animālis (“animal”), from anima (“breath, spirit”).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General Australian) IPA(key): /dɪə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /dɪɹ/
Audio (General American): (file)
- (Scotland, some US) IPA(key): /diːɹ/
- (Scotland) IPA(key): /diːɹ/
- (New Zealand) IPA(key): /diə/
- (East Anglia, cheer–chair merger) IPA(key): /dɛː/
- Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
- Homophones: dear, dir; dare (cheer–chair merger)
Noun
deer (countable and uncountable, plural deer or (dated or nonstandard; occasionally used in the sense of more than one species) deers)
- (countable) A ruminant mammal with hooves and often antlers, of the family Cervidae, or one of several similar animals from related families of the order Artiodactyla, such as the musk deer or mouse deer.
- 2012 December 2, Richard J. Goss, Deer Antlers: Regeneration, Function and Evolution, Academic Press, →ISBN, page 25:
- Musk Deer (Moschus moschiferus)
The musk deer is unique in several ways, reflecting its taxonomic separation from other deer (Flerov, 1952). For example , they are the only deer to possess a gall bladder […]
- 2013 February 5, Anthony J. Whitten, Roehayat Emon Soeriaatmadja, Ecology of Java & Bali, Tuttle Publishing, →ISBN:
- The Java deer Cervus timorensis is now widespread […] This deer has become rather uncommon as the lowlands have been converted to rice and sugarcane, and the hills to coffee and other crops, while the smaller muntjac deer Muntiacus muntjak has persisted in many areas where there is some forest cover. The third and smallest deer on Java and Bali is the mouse deer Tragulus javanicus.
- (countable; in particular) A ruminant mammal of the family Cervidae.
- (countable; in particular) One of the smaller animals of the family Cervidae, distinguished from a moose or elk.
- I wrecked my car after a deer ran across the road.
- 2020, Rumaan Alam, Leave the World Behind, Bloomsbury (2023), page 76:
- In the space beyond that, Rose saw a deer, with abbreviated velvet antlers and a cautious yet somehow also bored mien, considering her through dark, strangely human eyes.
- (uncountable) The meat of such an animal, obtained through the process of hunting or from specialized deer farms; venison.
- Oh, I've never had deer before.
- (countable; obsolete, except in the phrase "small deer") Any animal, especially a quadrupedal mammal as opposed to a bird, fish, etc.
- 1606, William Shakespeare, King Lear, act III, scene IV:
- But mice and rats and such small deer, have been Tom's food for seven long year.
Hypernyms
- (ruminant mammal): cervid
Hyponyms
Derived terms
- antideer
- axis deer
- Bactrian deer
- barking deer
- Bawean deer
- black-tailed deer
- brow-antlered deer
- Calamian deer
- Chinese water deer
- cloud deer
- Corsican red deer
- deer antler knife
- deerberry
- deerburger
- Deer Creek
- deerdom
- Deerfield
- deerflesh
- deer fly
- deerfly
- deer fly fever
- deerfold
- deerfood
- deergrass
- deergut
- deer-hair
- deer-hay
- deerhood
- deerhorn
- deer horn knife
- deerhound
- deerie
- deer in the headlights
- deer in the headlight syndrome
- deerish
- Deer Island
- deer ked
- deerless
- deerlet
- deerlick
- deerlike
- deerling
- Deer Lodge
- deer meat
- deer moon
- deer mouse
- deer-neck
- deerness
- deer-pig
- deer scarer
- deershit
- deer-skin
- deerskin
- deerslaughter
- deerslayer
- deer stalker
- deerstalker
- deer stalking
- deerstealer
- deer's tongue
- deer tick
- deertoe
- deervetch
- Eld's deer
- European red deer
- fallow deer
- Formosan deer
- ghost deer
- giant deer
- Guinea deer
- hog deer
- Indian hog deer
- Indochinese hog deer
- Irish deer
- Japanese deer
- Java mouse-deer
- key deer
- kill-deer
- Maral deer
- marsh deer
- Mindanao mountain deer
- Mindoro deer
- moose deer, mouse-deer
- mountain deer
- mouse deer
- mule deer
- musk deer
- nondeer
- north Andean deer
- pampas deer
- Père David's deer
- Prince Alfred's deer
- ravine deer
- red deer
- reindeer
- rib-faced deer
- roe deer
- roedeer
- rusa deer
- Schomburgk's deer
- sika deer
- Sitka deer
- spotted deer
- swamp deer
- teal deer
- telemetacarpal deer
- Thorold's deer
- Tsushima Island deer
- vampire deer
- Vietnamese deer
- Virginia deer
- Visayan spotted deer
- water deer
- western roe deer
- White Deer
- white-tailed deer
- Yarkand deer
- zombie deer disease
Descendants
- Sranan Tongo: dia
Translations
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Anagrams
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -eːr
Verb
deer
- inflection of deren:
- first-person singular present indicative
- (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
- imperative
Hunsrik
Alternative forms
- tëyer (Wiesemann spelling)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈteːa/
- Rhymes: -eːa
- Syllabification: deer
- Homophone: Deer
Etymology 1
From Middle High German it, from Old High German ir. Compare Luxembourgish dir.
Pronoun
deer
Etymology 2
Pronoun
deer
- stressed dative of du
Inflection
| nominative | accusative | dative | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| proclitic | enclitic | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | |||
| singular | 1st person | ich eich |
-ich | mich meich |
meer | mer m'r | ||
| 2nd person (informal) |
du dau/Dau |
-du, -de -Dau, -De |
dich deich/Deich |
deer | der d'r/D'r | |||
| 3rd person |
m | er; där | -er | ihn | en | ihm | em | |
| f | sie; die | -se | sie / ihns | se | eer ehr |
re | ||
| n | es; das et, 't |
's | es et |
-et, -'t |
ihm | em | ||
| plural | 1st person | meer | mer | uns uhs | ||||
| 2nd person | deer Ehr, Dehr |
der | eich Auch | |||||
| 3rd person | sie; die | -se | sie | se | denne | |||
References
- Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “deer”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 32, column 2
Limburgish
Alternative forms
- dier (some dialects, Maastrichtian)
- dieer (Krefeld)
- deier (Sittard)
- deër (Southeast Limburgish)
Etymology
From Middle Dutch dier, from Old Dutch dier, from Proto-Germanic *deuzą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /deːʀ/
- Hyphenation: deer
- Rhymes: -eːʀ
Noun
deer n
Synonyms
Nawdm
Etymology
Compare Tem ɖeére.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /děːŕ/
Noun
deer (plural deera)
References
- Bakabima, Koulon Stéphane, Nicole, Jacques (2018) Nawdm-French Dictionary[1], SIL International
Saterland Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian dēr, thēr, from Proto-West Germanic *þār. More at there.
Adverb
deer