ich

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ich"

Translingual

Symbol

ich

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Etkywan.

See also

  • Wiktionary’s coverage of Etkywan terms

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, iċċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm (“I”). See also ch-, I.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /iːt͡ʃ/, /ɪt͡ʃ/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -iːtʃ, -ɪtʃ
  • Homophones: each, itch

Pronoun

ich

  1. (personal, obsolete) I.
    • 1529, John Skelton, Elynour Rummyng:
      "Behold," she sayd, "and se How bright I am of ble! Ich am not cast away, That can my husband say, [...]"
    • 1561, John Awdelay, The fraternitye of vacabondes:
      My maysters, ich am an old man, and halfe blinde, […]
    • 1568, Thomas Howell, Arbor of Amitie:
      With cap and knee, ich will serve thee, what should ich more declare.
    • 1578, George Whetstone, The right, excellent and famous Historye of Promos and Cassandra:
      Kissyng and lying ich see is all one:
      And chave no mony, chul tell true therfore.
    • 1645, Thomas Davies, The Somersetshire Man's Complaint:
      Dost thinke 'chill labor to be poore, No no, ich haue a-doe..Ich will a plundering too.
    • [1706, Edward Phillips, compiler, J[ohn] K[ersey the younger], “Ich”, in The New World of Words: Or, Universal English Dictionary. […], 6th edition, London: […] J. Phillips, […]; N. Rhodes, […]; and J. Taylor, […], →OCLC, column 2:
      Ich, a Word us'd for I in the Weſtern Parts of England.]
Usage notes

Ich was the form of I found in the dialects of the West Country, West Midlands, and Kent. It began to disappear from written English with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century, yet continued to see limited use until the middle of the 19th century.

The Northern dialectal form, ik (which derives from the same Old English root), likewise disappeared from writing with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century.

Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Clipping of ichthyophthiriasis.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɪk/

Noun

ich (uncountable)

  1. (ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by ciliates of genus Ichthyophthirius.
    • 1996, Edward J. Noga, Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Iowa State University Press (2000), →ISBN, page 95:
      Ich is one of the most common diseases of freshwater fish.
Derived terms

Anagrams

Alemannic German

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik. Cognate with German ich, Dutch ik, English I, ich, Icelandic ég.

Pronunciation

  • (Lower Alemannic (Northern Alsace)) IPA(key): /iʃ/, /eʃ/, /iː/ (i is the unstressed pronoun, used after the verb, as in hiit hàw i dìs g'màcht (today I have done this), but it is always ìch before the verb, never i)
  • (Higher Alemannic (Southern Alsace)) IPA(key): /ix/, /ex/, /iː/ (unstressed)
  • (Zürich) IPA(key): /ix/, /i/ (unstressed), IPA(key): [ɪːx] (stressed)

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

Declension

Alemannic German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative possessive m
singular 1st person ich, i mich, mi mir, mier, mer min, miin
2nd
person 		familiar du dich, di dir, dier, der din, diin
polite Si Ine, Ene, -ne Ire
3rd
person 		m er in, en im sin, siin
f si ire
n es, 's, -s im sin, siin
plural 1st person mir, mer üs, öis, ois, eus üse, öise, oise, euse
2nd person ir, ier öi, eu öie, eure
3rd person si ine, ene, -ne ire

Central Franconian

Alternative forms

  • eich (Moselle Franconian, stressed)
  • ech (some dialects of Ripuarian; Moselle Franconian, unstressed, enclitic)

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm.

The expected form is ech; the variant ich is from a form *īh with expressive lengthening (compare the corresponding diphthong in Moselle Franconian).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /iɕ/, [iɕ]
    • IPA(key): [eɕ] → [əɕ] → [ɕ] (unstressed; enclitic before a consonant)
    • IPA(key): [ij] (enclitic before a vowel)
  • The enclitic pronunciation is used after verbs and conjunctions (unless the pronoun is stressed).

Pronoun

ich

  1. (some dialects of Ripuarian, including Kölsch) I; nominative of the first-person singular personal pronoun
    Dat senn ich op däm Fotto.
    That’s I (or: me) in this photo.

Declension

Ripuarian (regional forms: Aachen [A], Cologne [C]; reduced or unstressed forms: red.):

1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ich du
do; Do [C]
de (red.)		 hä
e (red.)		 sei, sie
se (red.)		 it
het [A]
et, 't, -'t (red.)
Dative mir
meer [C]
mer (red.)
[A] = acc.		 dir
deer; Deer [C]
der (red.)
[A] = acc.		 im
höm [A]
em (red.)		 ihr
ehr [C]
hör [A] (or = nom.)
er (red.)		 im
höm [A] (or = nom.)
em (red.)
Accusative mich dich; Dich in
en (red.)
[A] = dat.		 = nom.
[A] = nom. or dat.		 = nom.
1st Person Plural 2rd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural
Nominative mir
meer [C]
mer (red.)
vir [A], ver (red.)		 ühr
ehr; Ehr [C]
er (red.)		 sei, sie
se (red.)
Dative us, uns
os, ons [A]		 üch; Üch inne
hön, hönne [A] (or = nom.)
en (red.)
Accusative = dat. = dat. = nom.

In other dialects:

  • ät (“it”) (Düren)

Cimbrian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek. Cognate with German ich, English I.

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Sette Comuni) I

Inflection

Cimbrian personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
1st person singular ich mich miar
2nd person
singular 		familiar du dich diar
polite iart ach òich
3rd person
singular 		m èar, ar in, en iime
f zi, ze iar
n es, is es, 's iime
1st person plural bar,
bandare		 zich izàndarn
2nd person plural iart,
iartàndare, artàndare		 òich, ach ogàndarn
3rd person plural ze, zòi,
zandare		 zich innàndarn

References

  • “ich” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
  • 2013, Umberto Patuzzi (ed.), Sette Comuni / Siben Komoinen: Le nostre parole – D’ögnar börtar – Unsere Wörter, Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
  • 2013, Umberto Patuzzi (ed.), Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole – Ünsarne börtar – Unsere Wörter, Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Crimean Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm.

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

East Central German

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Silesian, also Breslauisch) I

Declension

1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ihch; ich du; de
Du; De		 er; a'
är; a		 sie, se, -'sche (after r), s', s'- es; 's, -'s, -s (less common), -'sch (after r), -sch (after r, less common)
Dative mir; mer dir; der
Dir (especially after prepositions and at the beginning of a sentence/clause); Der		 ihm; i'm, im ihr; i'r, ir [Term?]
Accusative mihch; mich dihch; dich
Dihch; Dich		 ihn; i'n sie, se, -'sche (after r) es; 's, -'s, -s (less common), -'sch (after r), -sch (after r, less common)
1st Person Plural 2rd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural
Nominative bir (bier); ber ihr; i'r sie, se, s', s'-
Dative uns, üns
üns		 euch ihn'n; i'n'n, i'n
Accusative uns, üns
üns		 euch se
  • sie/se and es can be contracted into s'e's (= SHG: sie es)

See also

other personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns:

  • mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
  • dei; Dei (2nd ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
  • ihr (3rd ps. sg. fem. possessive pronoun)
  • unser, ünser / ünser (1st ps. pl. possessive pronoun)
  • Ihr; Euch (grammatically: 2nd ps. pl.)
  • Sie; Ihn'n (grammatically: 3rd ps. pl.)
  • sihch, sich / sich (reflexive pronoun)

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Silesian, also Gebirgsschlesisch) I

Declension

Gebirgsschlesisch:

1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative iech; ich du; de
Du;		 a sie, se es; -'s, -s (merged with a preceding s into ß as in iß (SHG: ist es) from is, biß (SHG: bis es) from bis), -sch (after r)
Dative mir; merr, mer dir; derr, der
Dir;		 ihm ihr
Accusative miech; mich diech; dich
Diech;		 ihn; se es; -'s, -s (merged with a preceding s into ß as in iß (SHG: ist es) from is, biß (SHG: bis es) from bis), -sch (after r)
1st Person Plural 2rd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural
Nominative mirr, mir; merr, mer ihr sie, se
Dative ins euch a
Accusative ins euch se

Additionally there are:

  • sa (= SHG: sie ihn)
  • sa (= SHG: es ihnen)
  • marn (= SHG: wir ihn)
  • mida (= SHG: mit ihnen; from mit (“with”))

Also:

1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative iech; ich du; de
Du; De		 är; a sie, se es; 's, -'s, -'sch (after r)
Dative mir; mer dir; der
Dir; Der		 ihm; i'm ihr; i'r
Accusative miech; mich diech;
Diech;		 i'n se es; 's, -'s, -'sch (after r)
1st Person Plural 2rd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural
Nominative bier; ber sie, se
Dative üns (uns) (euch)
Accusative üns (uns) (euch) se

Additionally there are:

  • Ihr, I'r; Eich (Euch) (grammatically: 2nd ps. pl.; semantically: 2nd ps. sg. or pl.)
  • Sie, Se; I'n (grammatically: 3rd ps. pl.; semantically: 2nd ps. sg.)

Notes:

  • The forms uns, euch, Euch are rare, and could arguably be mistakes or misprints influenced by SHG uns, euch.

See also

possessive and reflexive pronouns - Gebirgsschlesisch:

  • mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
  • dei (2nd ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
  • insa (1st ps. pl. possessive pronoun)
  • siech (reflexive pronoun)

possessive and reflexive pronouns - also:

  • ünser (1st ps. pl.)
  • sich (reflexive pronoun)

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Silesian, Gebirgsschlesisch) I

Declension

See also

other personal and possessive pronouns:

  • mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
  • du, de; dir, der; dich; dei (2nd ps. sg.)
  • a; ihm; ihn (3rd ps. sg. m.)
  • -'s, -s, -'sch (after r as in mer'sch) (3rd ps. sg. n.)
  • sei (3rd ps. sg. m. & n. possessive pronoun)
  • se (3rd ps. sg. f.)
  • ihr (3rd ps. sg. f. possessive pronoun)
  • mer; ins; ins; inser (1st ps. pl.)

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Silesian) I

Declension

See also

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Obererzgebirge, Salzungen, Ruhla) I

Declension

Obererzgebirge:

  • Nominative: ich
  • Dative: mir
  • Accusative: mich

Salzungen:

  • Nominative: ich
  • Dative: me
  • Accusative: mich

Ruhla:

1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ich dåu, de hä̂, ä, e sü̂, se es
Genitive s'n
Dative mäi, me däi, de ü̂n, ün, en ü̂r, er ü̂n, ün, en
Accusative mich dich ü̂n, ün, en sü̂, se es
1st Person Plural 2rd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural
Nominative mäi, me å̈ü sü̂, se
Genitive onser å̈ürer ürner, örner, er
Dative ons ü̂ch, üch ün, en
Accusative ons ü̂ch, üch sü̂, se

Alternative forms

References

  • Die Ruhlaer Mundart dargestellt von Karl Regel.   Weimar, Hermann Boehlau. 1868

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Oberlausitz, Altenburg, Mansfeld, Niederlausitz) I

Declension

Oberlausitz, Altenburg:

  • Nominative: ich; -'ch, 'ch
  • Dative: mir
  • Accusative: mich

Mansfeld:

  • Nominative: ich; -'ch, 'ch
  • Dative: mich
  • Accusative: mich

Niederlausitz:

  • Nominative: ich; -'ich (as in hua-'ich = SHG habe ich), -ich (as in hua-ich = SHG habe ich)
  • Dative: merr
  • Accusative: merr

See also

  • du (2nd ps. sg.)

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Nord-Thüringisch, Wasungen, Erzgebirgisch) I

Declension

Erzgebirge:

  • Nominative: îch, ich
  • Dative: mir, mr
  • Accusative: mîch, mich

Nord-Thüringisch:

1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative iche, ich; duu; de hee; he sie; se es; 's
Dative mich; me dich; een; 'n eer; er ; 'n
Accusative mich; me dich; een; 'n sie; se es; 's
1st Person Plural 2rd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural
Nominative mie; me die; de sie; se
Dative uns; uch; ; 'n
Accusative uns; uch; sie; se
Separated by semicolon are: strong/normal form ; weak/enclitic form

Wasungen:

1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative īch, ich dūe, du, də hǟ, hä, ə sǖə, sü, sə äs, əs, s
Genitive is usually paraphrased sən ər, ərə sən
Dative mīə, mə dīə, də ün, ən ǖər, ər ün, ən
Accusative mīch, mich dīch, dich ün, ən sǖə, sü, sə äs, əs, s
1st Person Plural 2rd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural
Nominative mīə, mi, mə ǖə, ü, ə sǖə, sü, sə
Genitive is always paraphrased ər, ərə
Dative ons, also onz æ̊üch, ı̣ch ün, ən
Accusative ons, also onz æ̊üch, ı̣ch sǖə, sü, sə

See also

Erzgebirge:

Nord-Thüringisch:

  • sich (reflexive pronoun)

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Alzenau) I

See also

References

  • Idioticon der nord-thüringischen Mundart. – Den Bürgern Nordhausens gewidmet von Dr. Martin Schultze.   Nordhausen. Verlag von Ferd. Förstemann. 1874
  • Schriften des Vereins für Sachsen-Meiningische Geschichte und Landeskunde. 71. Heft. Inhalt: Die Wasunger Mundart, 2. Teil. Von Kirchenrat Edinhard Reichardt in Meiningen.   Hildburghausen. F. W. Gadow & Sohn, Herzogliche Hofbuchdruckerei. 1914
  • Marek Dolatowski (2015) “Pochodzenie etnolektu hałcnowskiego w świetle fonetyki i fonologii historycznej”, in Badania diachroniczne w Polsce (in Polish)
  • Marek Dolatowski (2013) “Słownictwo hałcnowskie jako odbicie historii etnolektu i historii wsi”, in Kwartalnik Językoznawczy (in Polish)
  • Marek Dolatowski (2013) “Słowniczek polsko-hałcnowski”, in Kwartalnik Językoznawczy (in Polish)

East Franconian

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

German

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɪç/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio (Austria):(file)
  • Homophone: Ich
  • Rhymes: -ɪç

Pronoun

ich

  1. I (first person singular nominative (subject) pronoun)

Declension

German personal pronouns
singular plural sing. and pl.
1st person 2nd person
familiar1 		3rd person 1st person 2nd person
familiar1 		3rd person 2nd person
polite/formal
m f n
nominative ich du
-e2 		er sie
-se2 		es wir ihr sie
-se2 		Sie
Ihr3
genitive meiner
mein3 		deiner
dein3 		seiner
sein3 		ihrer seiner
sein3 		unser euer ihrer Ihrer
Euer3
dative mir dir ihm ihr ihm uns euch ihnen Ihnen
Euch3
accusative mich dich ihn sie
-se2 		es uns euch sie
-se2 		Sie
Euch3

1These forms are sometimes capitalized, especially in letters.    2enclitic, colloquial    3archaic


In contemporary German, the genitive forms of personal pronouns are restricted to formal style and are infrequent even there. They may be used:

  • for the genitive object still found in a handful of verbs: Er erbarmte sich meiner. – "He had mercy on me". (Colloquially one would either use the dative case, or a prepositional object, or replace the verb with another.)
  • with certain adjectives or prepositions that govern the genitive, such as statt ("instead of, in place of"): Er kam statt meiner in die Mannschaft. – "He joined the team in my place." This sounds antiquated, and an meiner Statt or an meiner Stelle is preferable (in which case meiner is not a genitive, but a form of the possessive determiner mein).

Derived terms

Further reading

  • “ich” in Duden online
  • “ich” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Hunsrik

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵh₂óm.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈiç/
  • Rhymes: -iç
  • Syllabification: ich

Pronoun

ich

  1. I
    Ich sin en Fraa.
    I am a woman.
    Ich komme fun de Fabrick.
    I'm coming from the factory.

Inflection

Hunsrik personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
proclitic enclitic stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
singular 1st person ich
eich 		-ich mich
meich 		meer mer
m'r
2nd person
(informal) 		du
dau/Dau 		-du, -de
-Dau, -De 		dich
deich/Deich 		deer der
d'r/D'r
3rd
person 		m er; där -er ihn en ihm em
f sie; die -se sie / ihns se eer
ehr 		re
n es; das
et, 't 		's es
et
-et, -'t 		ihm em
plural 1st person meer mer uns
uhs
2nd person deer
Ehr, Dehr 		der eich
Auch
3rd person sie; die -se sie se denne

Further reading

Hutterisch

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

Jakaltek

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *iihk.

Noun

ich

  1. chili pepper

References

  • Church, Clarence, Church, Katherine (1955) Vocabulario castellano-jacalteco, jacalteco-castellano‎[1] (in Spanish), Guatemala C. A.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 18; 24

Limburgish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ich (personal)

  1. I

Inflection

Singular Dual[* 1] Plural
nominative , 'ch weet weer, veer, v'r
genitive[* 2] miener, miens ózzer ózzer
locative[* 3] miches ózzes ózzes
dative[* 4] mir ós ós
accusative mich ós ós
  1. ^ Dual has been extinct for many centuries.
  2. ^ Genitive is no longer part of the living language.
  3. ^ Locative may have existed at some point in the past.
  4. ^ Dative is nowadays obsolete, accusative is used instead.

Luo

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɪ̀c/

Noun

ich

  1. stomach

Middle English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /itʃ/

Pronoun

ich

  1. alternative form of I
Usage notes
  • Ich is the Southern and sometimes Midland form of I in Middle English, which corresponds to ik of the Northern dialect.

Etymology 2

Determiner

ich

  1. alternative form of ech

Pronoun

ich

  1. alternative form of ech

Middle High German

Etymology

From Old High German ih.

Pronoun

ich

  1. (personal) I

Inflection

Middle High German personal pronouns
nominative genitive dative accusative
singular first person ich mīn mir mich
second person du, dū dīn dir dich
third
person 		m ër
CG hë(r)		 sīn im(e) in
f siu ir(e) ir(e) sie
n ëȥ
CG iȥ, it		 es im(e) ëȥ
CG iȥ, it
plural first person wir unser uns uns, unsich
second person ir iuwer iu, iuch iuch
third
person 		m sie ir(e) in sie
f
n siu siu
The distinction of the forms siu and sie as shown above is typical of earlier Upper German texts, but was never general. The forms sī and si existed additionally and all four were increasingly used without differentiation.

Descendants

  • Alemannic German: ich, ig, i
    • Sensler: [iː][1]
    • Swabian: i
      • Sathmar Swabian: i
  • Bavarian: i
    • Cimbrian: ich (Setti Comuni); i (Luserna)
    • Gottscheerish: iχ, ī, i (unstressed); iχχe (emphatic)
    • Mòcheno: i
  • Central Franconian: ich, eich, ech
    • Hunsrückisch: äijsch
    • Britten: [æɪ̯ʃ], [ɪʃ][3]
    • Kölsch: ich[4]
  • East Central German:
    • Erzgebirgisch: iech
    • Silesian East Central German: iech
    • Upper Saxon German: isch, ische
  • East Franconian: i, iech
  • German: ich
  • Luxembourgish: ech
  • Rhine Franconian:
    • Hessian: aisch
    • Pennsylvania German: ich [ɪç][5]
  • Vilamovian: ych
  • Yiddish: איך (ich)

References

  1. ^ Schmutz, Christian; Haas, Walter. (2004). Senslerdeutsches Wörterbuch. 2nd edition, Freiburg: Paulusverlag.
  2. ^ Altenhofen, Cléo Vilson. (1996). Hunsrückisch in Rio Grande do Sul: Ein Beitrag zur Beschreibung einer deutschbrasilianischen Dialektvarietät im Kontakt mit dem Portugiesischen. (Mainzer Studien zur Sprach- und Volksforschung 21.) Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
  3. ^ "ich". In: Besse, Maria. (2004). Britter Wörterbuch. Losheim am See: Verein für Heimatkunde in der Gemeinde Losheim am See.
  4. ^ Online-Wörterbuch der Akademie för uns kölsche Sproch, Stichwort »ich« (URL).
  5. ^ Kelz, Heinrich P. (1971). Phonologische Analyse des Pennsylvaniadeutschen. Hamburg: Buske.

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih. Compare German ich, Dutch ik, English I, Old Norse ek.

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

Declension

Pennsylvania German personal pronouns
Number singular plural
Person/
Gender 		1st 2nd person 3rd person 1st 2nd 3rd
familiar polite/formal m f n
nominative ich du
de1 		dihr
der1
Sie 		er sie
se1 		es mir
mer1 		dihr
der1 		sie
dative mir
mer1 		dir
der1 		eich
Ihne
Ne1 		ihm
em1 		ihre
re1 		ihm
em1 		uns eich ihne
ne1
accusative mich dich eich
Sie 		ihn
en1 		sie
se1 		es sie

1 unstressed

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jixъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *eiša, from Proto-Indo-European *éysom.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈix/
  • Audio 1:(file)
  • Audio 2:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ix
  • Syllabification: ich

Pronoun

ich (indeclinable)

  1. possessive pronoun for oni or one, namely their or theirs

Pronoun

ich

  1. genitive of oni; them
  2. genitive of one; them
  3. personal masculine accusative of oni; them

See also

  • nich
  • Appendix:Polish pronouns

Further reading

  • ich in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ich in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Rhine Franconian

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Kassel) I

See also

  • Du; De (“you (singular)”)

Slovak

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ich (indeclinable)

  1. (possessive) their, theirs

Pronoun

ich

  1. genitive/accusative of oni and ony
Slovak personal pronouns
substantive possessive
singular plural singular plural
1st person ja my môj náš
2nd person familiar ty vy tvoj váš
polite vy váš
3rd person m on oni* / ony jeho ich
f ona jej
n ono jeho
reflexive seba, sa (clitic) svoj

* masculine animate only, ony otherwise

Further reading

  • “ich”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

Swabian

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

  1. (possibly less common) I
    • 1863, Jakob Friedrich Schmidt, Gedichte in schwäbischer Mundart von J. F. Schmidt:
      • p. 16:
        Daß iar aber it moinet, i dä gar nix dett doba, so habe ich nothwendig Euch zu sagen, daß dau Arbet gnug geit, [...]
        Ich habe zwar nicht nothwendig Euch zu sagen, warum i net mitturna dua, abr [...]
      • P 30:
        „Herr Fürst,“ haut do der Pfortner gsait,
        „Ich habs verstekt da nei,
        Denn da kommt ebn die ganze Zeit
        Kei eiz'ger Mensch nich rei!“
      • P 46:
        Darum will ich ihm iatz deuta,
        Daß mir ganz mit Heaz und Händ
        Alles Loid und alle Freuda
        Redlich mit ihm thoila wend.

Declension

  • Nominative: ich (less common); i
  • Dative: mir
  • Accusative: mi

Alternative forms

Descendants

  • Sathmar Swabian: i

See also

  • Du, dat. Dir, acc. Di (“you (singular)”)
  • -s (“it, enclitic”)

Pronoun

ich

  1. dative and accusative of ihr (“you (plural)”)

Transylvanian Saxon

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

Volga German

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

Yola

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, from Proto-West Germanic *ik. Compare obsolete English ich.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɪt͡ʃ/

Pronoun

ich

  1. I
    • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 79:
      Ich woul ich had.
      I wish I had.
    • 1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:
      A portion ich gae her, was (it's now ich have ee-tolth)
      The portion I gave her was (it's now I have told)
    • 1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 5-6:
      If ich hadh Peeougheen a Buch, Meyleare a Slut, Peedher Ghiel-laaune, an Jackeen Bugaaune,
      If I had Hugh the Buck, Meyler the Sloven, Peter the Smart Man, and John Boggan,

Synonyms

References

  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 47

Yucatec Maya

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *Haty.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈit͡ʃ]

Noun

ich (plural ichoʼob)

  1. eye
  2. face
  3. fruit

References

  • Beltrán de Santa Rosa María, Pedro (1746) Arte de el idioma maya reducido a succintas reglas, y semilexicon yucateco (in Spanish), Mexico: Por la Biuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal, page 164: “Ich ssssss s ssss Ojo.”
  • Montgomery, John (2004) Maya-English, English-Maya (Yucatec) Dictionary & Phrasebook, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN, page 59

Zipser German

Etymology

Cognate to German ich.

Pronoun

ich

  1. I
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