ty
Translingual
Symbol
ty
English
Interjection
ty
- (Internet slang, text messaging) Alternative letter-case form of TY.
Anagrams
Afrikaans
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tə̟i̯]
Audio: (file)
Noun
ty (plural tye)
Derived terms
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *tuu̯an, from earlier *tuu̯ān, from earlier *tuu̯ām, from Proto-Indo-European *tuu̯ēm (*twé, accusative of *túh₂ (“you”)). Compare Latin te.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ty/
Pronoun
ty
Related terms
References
- ^ Forschungen, Stefan, Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 216
Cornish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *ti, from Proto-Celtic *tū. Cognate with Breton te, Irish tú, Manx oo, Scottish Gaelic thu, and Welsh ti.
Pronoun
ty
- you (informal second person singular pronoun)
- Ty a welas.
- You saw.
See also
| number | person | independent (subject) |
suffixed | infixed | possessive (dependent) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| enclitic | emphatic | reduced | ||||||
| singular | first | my | vy | evy | ma, a | 'm | owA | |
| second | ty | jy, sy1 | tejy | ta, a | 'thM | dhaS | ||
| third2 | m | ev | ev | eev | va, a | 'n | yS | |
| f | hi | hi | hyhi | N/A | 's | hyA | ||
| plural | first | ni | ni | nyni | 'gan, 'n | agan, 'gan | ||
| second3 | hwi | hwi | hwyhwi | 'gas, 's | agas, 'gas | |||
| third | i | i | ynsi | 's | agaA, 'gaA | |||
1 Uncommon.
2 hun and ins have been suggested as non-binary 3rd person singular pronouns, though these have not yet officially adopted.
3 Infrequently used as a formal alternative to the singular.
S Triggers soft mutation A Triggers aspirate mutation M Triggers mixed mutation
Mutation
| unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | mixed | mixed after 'th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ty | dy | thy | unchanged | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Old Czech ty, from Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtɪ]
Audio: (file)
Pronoun
ty
- (personal) you (second person singular)
- Kdybych byl tebou, udělal bych to samé. ― If I were you, I would do the same.
Declension
Derived terms
Related terms
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | já | my | |
| 2nd person | familiar | ty | vy |
| polite | vy | ||
| 3rd person | m | on | oni1 |
| f | ona | ony | |
| n | ono | ona | |
| reflexive | sebe, se (clitic) | ||
1 animate referents only, for inanimate ones ony is used.
Pronoun
ty
- inflection of ten:
- animate masculine accusative plural
- inanimate masculine nominative/accusative plural
- feminine nominative/accusative plural
Further reading
- “ty”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “ty”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “ty”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse þýða (“to make friends”), Proto-Germanic *þiudijaną, cognate with Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þiuþjan, “to bless”). It may originally be the same verb as *þiudijaną (“to interpret”), which is the source of Old Norse þýða (whence Danish tyde) and German deuten.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtˢyˀ]
Verb
ty (imperative ty, present tyr or tyer, past tense tyede, past participle tyet)
Eastern Katu
Adjective
ty
Derived terms
Guaraní
Pronunciation
Noun
ty
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈc]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈceː]
Letter
ty (lower case, upper case Ty)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ty | ty-k |
| accusative | ty-t | ty-ket |
| dative | ty-nek | ty-knek |
| instrumental | ty-vel | ty-kkel |
| causal-final | ty-ért | ty-kért |
| translative | ty-vé | ty-kké |
| terminative | ty-ig | ty-kig |
| essive-formal | ty-ként | ty-kként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | ty-ben | ty-kben |
| superessive | ty-n | ty-ken |
| adessive | ty-nél | ty-knél |
| illative | ty-be | ty-kbe |
| sublative | ty-re | ty-kre |
| allative | ty-hez | ty-khez |
| elative | ty-ből | ty-kből |
| delative | ty-ről | ty-kről |
| ablative | ty-től | ty-ktől |
| non-attributive possessive – singular |
ty-é | ty-ké |
| non-attributive possessive – plural |
ty-éi | ty-kéi |
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | ty-m | ty-im |
| 2nd person sing. | ty-d | ty-id |
| 3rd person sing. | ty-je | ty-i |
| 1st person plural | ty-nk | ty-ink |
| 2nd person plural | ty-tek | ty-itek |
| 3rd person plural | ty-jük | ty-ik |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further reading
- ty in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
Lower Sorbian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tɨ]
Pronoun
ty sg
- you (singular, informal)
Declension
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ty | wej | wy |
| Genitive | śi tebje¹ |
waju | was |
| Dative | śi tebje¹ |
wama | wam |
| Accusative | śi tebje¹ |
waju | was |
| Instrumental | tobu | wama | wami |
| Locative | tebje | wama | was |
| Possessive determiner | twój | waju | waš |
¹ Both śi and tebje are used when no preposition precedes, but after a preposition only tebje is used.
Middle English
Etymology 1
Noun
ty
- alternative form of teye (“chest, enclosure”)
Etymology 2
Determiner
ty
- (chiefly Northern dialectal) alternative form of þi (“thy”)
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
Verb
ty (present tense tyr, past tense tydde, past participle tytt/tydd, passive infinitive tyast, present participle tyande, imperative ty)
- to interpret
Etymology 2
Verb
ty (present tense tyr, past tense tydde, past participle tytt/tydd, passive infinitive tyast, present participle tyande, imperative ty)
- to resort (to smth.)
Etymology 3
Noun
ty n (definite singular tyet, indefinite plural ty, definite plural tya or tyi)
- (pre-2012) alternative form of tøy
References
Anagrams
Nǀuu
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /c/, /kʲ/
Letter
ty
References
- Shah, Sheena & Brenzinger, Matthias. (2017). Writing for Speaking: The Nǀuu Orthography. 10.1017/9781316562949.006.
Old Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ty (second person)
- (personal) second person singular; you
Declension
| Singular | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jáz, já | ty | — |
| Genitive | mne, mě | tebe, tě | sebe, sě |
| Dative | mně, mi | tobě, ti | sobě, si |
| Accusative | mě, mne | tě, tebe | sě, sebe |
| Locative | mně | tobě | sobě |
| Instrumental | mnú | tobú, tebú | sobú, sebú |
| Possessive | mój | tvój | svój |
| Dual | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | vě, va, ma | vy | — |
| Genitive | najú | vajú | sebe, sě |
| Dative | náma | váma | sobě, si |
| Accusative | ny, najú | vy, vajú | sě, sebe |
| Locative | najú | vajú | sobě |
| Instrumental | náma | váma | sobú, sebú |
| Possessive | náš, najú | váš, vajú | svój |
| Plural | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | my | vy | — |
| Genitive | nás | vás | sebe, sě |
| Dative | nám, nem | vám, vem | sobě, si |
| Accusative | ny, nás | vy, vás | sě, sebe |
| Locative | nás | vás | sobě |
| Instrumental | námi | vámi | sobú, sebú |
| Possessive | náš | váš | svój |
Descendants
- Czech: ty
References
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “ty”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ty. First attested in the 13th century.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ty
Declension
Descendants
References
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ty”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Old Tupi
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tɨ (“liquid, urine”), from Proto-Tupian *tˀɨ (“liquid, urine”). Doublet of y.[1][2]
Cognate with Sateré-Mawé hɨ (“river”), Guaraní ty (“urine”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɨ/
- Rhymes: -ɨ
- Hyphenation: ty
Noun
ty (possessable)
Noun
ty
Adjective
ty
- R2 of y
References
Further reading
- Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “ty”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 485, column 1
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish ty.
Pronunciation
Audio 1: (file) Audio 2: (file) - Rhymes: -ɘ
- Syllabification: ty
- Homophone: -ty
Pronoun
ty
- you (second person singular pronoun)
Usage notes
Ty is the T-form; it is used to address friends, family, children, teenagers, and often peers. The V-forms are pan m and pani f.
Declension
See also
- Appendix:Polish pronouns
Trivia
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ty is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 6 times in scientific texts, 0 times in news, 2 times in essays, 250 times in fiction, and 1034 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1292 times, making it the 31st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
Further reading
- ty in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ty in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- “TY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 4 September 2019
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ty”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ty”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “ty”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 181
Silesian
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish ty.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɪ/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɪ
- Syllabification: ty
Pronoun
ty
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | ty |
| genitive | ciebie, cie, ciã |
| dative | ciebie, tobie, ci |
| accusative | ciebie, cie, ciã |
| instrumental | tobōm |
| locative | tobie, ciebie |
Further reading
- ty in silling.org
Slovak
Etymology
Inherited from Old Slovak ty, from Proto-Slavic *ty.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ti]
Pronoun
ty
Declension
Related terms
| substantive | possessive | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| 1st person | ja | my | môj | náš | |
| 2nd person | familiar | ty | vy | tvoj | váš |
| polite | vy | váš | |||
| 3rd person | m | on | oni* / ony | jeho | ich |
| f | ona | jej | |||
| n | ono | jeho | |||
| reflexive | seba, sa (clitic) | svoj | |||
* masculine animate only, ony otherwise
Further reading
- “ty”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish þy, from Old Norse því, dative singular of Old Norse þat (“that”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tyː/
Audio: (file)
Conjunction
ty
- (archaic, poetic, biblical) for (because)
- Synonyms: därför att, eftersom, emedan, för
- ty riket är ditt ― for the kingdom is yours
Usage notes
ty as well as för always introduces a main clause, while the other given synonyms all introduces secondary clauses. Compare:
- Hon gick inte och lade sig, ty/för hon var inte trött.
- Hon gick inte och lade sig, därför att/eftersom/emedan hon inte var trött.
Derived terms
Verb
ty (present tyr, preterite tydde, supine tytt, imperative ty)
- to cling to, to turn to [someone/something] for protection or comfort.
- När barn blir rädda tyr de sig oftast till sina föräldrar
- When children get scared, they usually turn to their parents for comfort.
Conjugation
| active | passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ty | — | ||
| supine | tytt | — | ||
| imperative | ty | — | ||
| imper. plural1 | tyn | — | ||
| present | past | present | past | |
| indicative | tyr | tydde | — | — |
| ind. plural1 | ty | tydde | — | — |
| subjunctive2 | ty | tydde | — | — |
| present participle | tyende | |||
| past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
References
- ty in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- ty in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- ty in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Tapayuna
Etymology
From Proto-Northern Jê *ˀcy (“seed”) < Proto-Cerrado *cym (“seed”) < Proto-Jê *cym (“seed”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t̪ɨ/
Noun
ty
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronoun
ty
- (Podlachian) you (singular)
Declension
- Nominative - ty
- Genitive - tebe
- Dative - tobiê
- Accusative - tebe
- Instrumental - toboju
- Locative - tobiê
References
šče (here is an example with this word) in Svoja.org. - Slovnik
Upper Sorbian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronoun
ty
Declension
| First person pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |||||
| nominative | ja | mój | my | ||||
| genitive | mje (after preposition) mnje |
naju | nas | ||||
| dative | mi (after preposition) mni |
namaj | nam | ||||
| accusative | mje (after preposition) mnje |
naju | nas | ||||
| instrumental | mnu | namaj | nami | ||||
| locative | mni | nas | |||||
| Second person pronouns | |||||||
| singular | dual | plural | |||||
| nominative | ty | wój | wy | ||||
| genitive | će (after preposition) tebje |
waju | was | ||||
| dative | ći (after preposition) tebi |
wamaj | wam | ||||
| accusative | će (after preposition) tebje |
waju | was | ||||
| instrumental | tobu | wamaj | wami | ||||
| locative | tebi | was | |||||
| Third person pronouns | |||||||
| masculine singular | feminine singular | neuter singular | dual virile | dual nonvirile | plural virile | plural nonvirile | |
| nominative | wón | wona | wono | wonaj | wonej | woni | wone |
| genitive | jeho (after preposition) njeho |
jeje (after preposition) njeje |
jeho (after preposition) njeho |
jeju | jich (after preposition) nich | ||
| dative | jemu (after preposition) njemu |
jej (after preposition) njej |
jemu (after preposition) njemu |
jimaj (after preposition) nimaj |
jim (after preposition) nim | ||
| accusative | jón (after preposition) njón (animate) jeho (animate after preposition) njeho |
ju (after preposition) nju |
jo, je (after preposition) njo, nje |
jeju (after preposition) njeju |
jej (after preposition) njej |
jich (after preposition) nich |
je (after preposition) nje |
| instrumental | nim | njej | nim | nimaj | nimi | ||
| locative | nich | ||||||
Xhosa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʲ/
Letter
ty (upper case Ty)
- A digraph in Xhosa orthography.
Yola
Etymology
From Middle English tige, from Old English tyge, from Proto-West Germanic *tugi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tiː/
Noun
ty
- drink
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- Ty o' letch.
- A drink of small beer.
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 73