ó

See also: Appendix:Variations of "o"

ó U+00F3, ó
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE
Composition:o [U+006F] + ◌́ [U+0301]
ò
[U+00F2]
Latin-1 Supplement ô
[U+00F4]

Czech

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

  1. the 24th letter of the Czech alphabet, after o and before p

Interjection

ó

  1. oh

Faroese

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɔuː/
  • Homophone: óð

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called ó and written in the Latin script.

See also

Galician

Alternative forms

Etymology

From contraction of preposition a (to, towards) + masculine definite article o (the).

Pronunciation

Contraction

ó m (feminine á, masculine plural ós, feminine plural ás)

  1. alternative spelling of ao

Hungarian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈoː]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -oː

Etymology 1

From Proto-Uralic *oma (old, previous).[1] Cognate with Finnish ammoin (very long ago), Estonian ammu (once upon a time, long ago), Northern Sami oames (past, old), and Erzya умок (umok, a long time ago). Compare agg (aged), avas (rancid), avul (to become obsolete), avítt (antiquated).

Adjective

ó (comparative óbb, superlative legóbb)

  1. (archaic, except in compounds) old, ancient, antique
    Synonyms: antik, ódon, régi, ősi
    Antonyms: mai, új
    Coordinate terms: (as prefixes indicating historical periods) ős, közép, új
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative ó ók
accusative ót ókat
dative ónak óknak
instrumental óval ókkal
causal-final óért ókért
translative óvá ókká
terminative óig ókig
essive-formal óként ókként
essive-modal
inessive óban ókban
superessive ón ókon
adessive ónál óknál
illative óba ókba
sublative óra ókra
allative óhoz ókhoz
elative óból ókból
delative óról ókról
ablative ótól óktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular
óé óké
non-attributive
possessive – plural
óéi ókéi
Derived terms
Compound words, excluding peoples and languages
Compound names for peoples and languages
  • óakkád
  • óalnémet
  • óalsófrank
  • óangol
  • óarab
  • óarámi
  • óasszír
  • óbajor
  • óbolgár
  • ócseh
  • ódán
  • ódélarab
  • óegyiptomi
  • óészaki
  • ófelnémet
  • ófrancia
  • ógermán
  • ógörög
  • óhéber
  • óind
  • óizlandi
  • óír
  • ókasztíliai
  • ókeleti
  • ókelta
  • ókínai
  • ólatin
  • ólitván
  • ómagyar
  • ónémet
  • óolasz
  • óorosz
  • óperzsa
  • óporosz
  • óprovanszál
  • óspanyol
  • ósvéd
  • ószász
  • ószerb
  • ószláv
  • ószlovák
  • ótörök

Etymology 2

An onomatopoeia.[2]

Interjection

ó

  1. oh!
    Synonyms: óh, jaj, ja, juj,
    Ó, értem már!Oh, I understand now!

See also

Etymology 3

See óv.

Verb

ó

  1. (archaic) alternative form of óv (to protect, to guard)
Conjugation
Conjugation of ó
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. óvok ósz ó óvunk ótok ónak
def. óvom óvod ója ójuk ójátok óják
2nd obj ólak
past indef. óttam óttál ótt óttunk óttatok óttak
def. óttam óttad ótta óttuk óttátok ótták
2nd obj óttalak
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. óni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. óvék óvál óva óvánk óvátok óvának
def. óvám óvád óvá óvánk óvátok óvák
2nd obj óválak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ó vala, ótt vala/volt.
archaic future indef. óvandok óvandasz óvand óvandunk óvandotok óvandanak
def. óvandom óvandod óvandja óvandjuk óvandjátok óvandják
2nd obj óvandalak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. ónék ónál óna ónánk ónátok ónának
def. ónám ónád óná ónánk
(or ónók)
ónátok ónák
2nd obj ónálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ótt volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. ójak ój or
ójál
ójon ójunk ójatok ójanak
def. ójam ódd or
ójad
ója ójuk ójátok óják
2nd obj ójalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ótt légyen
infinitive óni ónom ónod ónia ónunk ónotok óniuk
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
óvás óvó ótt óvandó óva (óván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
Potential conjugation of ó
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. óhatok óhatsz óhat óhatunk óhattok óhatnak
def. óhatom óhatod óhatja óhatjuk óhatjátok óhatják
2nd obj óhatlak
past indef. óhattam óhattál óhatott óhattunk óhattatok óhattak
def. óhattam óhattad óhatta óhattuk óhattátok óhatták
2nd obj óhattalak
archaic
preterite
indef. óhaték óhatál óhata óhatánk óhatátok óhatának
def. óhatám óhatád óhatá óhatánk óhatátok óhaták
2nd obj óhatálak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. óhat vala, óhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. óhatandok or óvandhatok óhatandasz or óvandhatsz óhatand or óvandhat óhatandunk or óvandhatunk óhatandotok or óvandhattok óhatandanak or óvandhatnak
def. óhatandom or óvandhatom óhatandod or óvandhatod óhatandja or óvandhatja óhatandjuk or óvandhatjuk óhatandjátok or óvandhatjátok óhatandják or óvandhatják
2nd obj óhatandalak or óvandhatlak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. óhatnék óhatnál óhatna óhatnánk óhatnátok óhatnának
def. óhatnám óhatnád óhatná óhatnánk
(or óhatnók)
óhatnátok óhatnák
2nd obj óhatnálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. óhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. óhassak óhass or
óhassál
óhasson óhassunk óhassatok óhassanak
def. óhassam óhasd or
óhassad
óhassa óhassuk óhassátok óhassák
2nd obj óhassalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. óhatott légyen
infinitive (óhatni) (óhatnom) (óhatnod) (óhatnia) (óhatnunk) (óhatnotok) (óhatniuk)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
óható óhatatlan (óhatva / óhatván)
Derived terms
Expressions

Etymology 4

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called ó and written in the Latin script.
  2. abbreviation of óra (hour[s], o’clock)
    Coordinate terms: p, mp
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative ó ó-k
accusative ó-t ó-kat
dative ó-nak ó-knak
instrumental ó-val ó-kkal
causal-final ó-ért ó-kért
translative ó-vá ó-kká
terminative ó-ig ó-kig
essive-formal ó-ként ó-kként
essive-modal
inessive ó-ban ó-kban
superessive ó-n ó-kon
adessive ó-nál ó-knál
illative ó-ba ó-kba
sublative ó-ra ó-kra
allative ó-hoz ó-khoz
elative ó-ból ó-kból
delative ó-ról ó-król
ablative ó-tól ó-któl
non-attributive
possessive – singular
ó-é ó-ké
non-attributive
possessive – plural
ó-éi ó-kéi
Possessive forms of ó
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. ó-m ó-im
2nd person sing. ó-d ó-id
3rd person sing. ó-ja ó-i
1st person plural ó-nk ó-ink
2nd person plural ó-tok ó-itok
3rd person plural ó-juk ó-ik

See also

References

  1. ^ Álgu etymological database, entry #79941 (language: Proto-Uralic, word: oma)
  2. ^ ó in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • (ancient, antique): ó in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
  • (interjection): ó in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
  • (to protect): ó in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
  • (sound, letter, and abbreviation): ó in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ouː/
  • Rhymes: -ouː

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Interjection

ó!

  1. oh!, ah!
    Ó ókei, gangi þér vel.
    Oh ok, good luck.
  2. O, oh, the Icelandic vocative particle, used before a pronoun or the name of a person or persons to mark direct address
    Ó, góðu menn! Heyr mín orð.
    O good men! Heed my words.
    • Lofsöngur:
      Ó, guð vors lands.
      Oh, our country's God.

See also

Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From ua, from Old Irish aue (grandson, descendant).[1]

Alternative forms

  • ua (archaic)

Noun

ó m (genitive ó, nominative plural óí, genitive singular in surnames , nominative plural in historical sept names )

  1. (archaic) grandson, grandchild
    Synonym: garmhac
  2. (archaic) descendant
Declension
Declension of ó (fourth declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative ó óí
vocative a ó a óí
genitive ó óí
dative ó óí
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an t-ó na hóí
genitive an ó na n-óí
dative leis an ó
don ó
leis na hóí
Forms in surnames and sept names
Declension of ó (first declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative ó , í
vocative
genitive , í ó
dative ó uíbh, íbh
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative na huí, na
genitive na n-ó
dative na huíbh, na híbh

Etymology 2

From Old Irish ó, úa,[2] from Proto-Celtic *au, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (away).

Preposition

ó (plus dative, triggers lenition)

  1. of, from (indicating origin)
    ó ghleann go gleannfrom glen to glen
  2. since
    ó Mháirtsince Tuesday
  3. used in conjunction with the verb to indicate need/want
    Tá bainne uaim.
    I need milk.
Inflection
Inflection of ó
Person: simple emphatic
singular first uaim uaimse
second uait uaitse
third m uaidh uaidhsean
f uaithi uaithise
plural first uainn uainne
second uaibh uaibhse
third uathu uathusan
Derived terms
  • See also Category:Irish phrasal verbs formed with "ó"

Conjunction

ó (triggers lenition)

  1. since (temporal)
    ó chuala mé an scéalasince I heard the news
  2. after
    bliain ó rugadh éa year after he was born
  3. from the time when
    ó bhaintear an féar go bhfuil sé tirimfrom the time the hay is cut until it is dry
  4. once
    ó bhrisfear éonce it is broken
  5. since (causal), inasmuch as
    ó tá mé liom féinsince I am alone
Derived terms
  • ós (since it is)

Etymology 3

Basically onomatopoeic, but compare English O, Latin ō, Ancient Greek (ô), etc.

Interjection

ó

  1. oh

Particle

ó

  1. O (vocative particle)
    • 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 194:
      Ní dubhairt an mháthair seóid ach : « Tá go maith, a inghean ó ».
      The mother said nothing at all but, “That is well, daughter.”
Usage notes

Generally used postpositively, i.e. after the noun referring to the person addressed. The particle a is used before the noun.

  • a mhuirnín óO darling

This particle is optional, but the vocative particle a is obligatory.

  • a mhic / a mhic óO son, my son!

Etymology 4

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. The letter o with an acute accent, known as ó fada (literally long o).

Noun

ó

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter o/O.

See also

Etymology 5

Doublet of faoi.

Preposition

ó (plus dative, triggers lenition)

  1. -wards: only used in ó thuaidh and ó dheas

Mutation

Mutated forms of ó
radical eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
ó n-ó t-ó

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “úa, óa, ó”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ó”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ó”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ó”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
  • ó”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /o/

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. The letter o in a stressed final syllable when pronounced /o/.

Kashubian

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and ó for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

  1. The twenty-second letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɨ/, /ɛ/, (dated) /ʊ/

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. The letter o with an acute accent, not considered a separate letter for collation purposes.

See also

Macanese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Portuguese ou. Compare Spanish o.

Conjunction

ó

  1. or
    Vôs tâ uví, ô tâ finzí surdo?
    Are you listening, or pretending to be deaf?
    Na alegria, Ó na tristéza
    In joy, Or in sadness

References

Mandarin

Romanization

ó (o2, Zhuyin ㄛˊ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of

Middle Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /oː/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish áu, from Proto-Celtic *ausos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws; cognate with English ear and Latin auris.

Noun

ó n

  1. (archaic, poetic, anatomy) ear
  2. some part of a cloak
  3. some part of a shield, possibly a spike or boss
  4. some part of a chessboard, possibly rings or handles for lifting
  5. some part of a pitcher or vessel for liquor, possibly a curved, earlike handle

Further reading

Etymology 2

From Old Irish úa.

Preposition

ó (with dative, triggers lenition)

  1. from, of
    • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
      Tancas o Ailill ocus o Meidb do chungid in chon.
      People came from Ailill and from Medb to ask for the dog.
  2. by
Descendants
  • Irish: ó
  • Scottish Gaelic: o, bho
  • Manx: veih, voish

Further reading

Mutation

Mutation of ó
radical lenition nasalization
ó
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)
unchanged n-ó

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. A variant of o representing an /o/ with a high tone (/o˥/)

See also

Noon

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /o̘/

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. A letter of the Noon alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

Contested.

Preposition

ó (with dative)

  1. from, of
    ó thurcbáil co fuinudfrom sunrise to sunset
  2. by (means of), with

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ó.

Inflection
Inflection of ó
Person: normal emphatic
singular first (h)úaim, (h)úaimm (h)úaimse
second (h)úait (h)úaitsu, (h)úaitsiu
third
m or n
dative (h)úad, (h)úaid
accusative
third
f
dative úadi, húade úadisi
accusative
plural first (h)úainn, (h)úain, (h)úan, (h)úann (h)úanni
second (h)úaib (h)úaibsi
third dative (h)úadib, (h)úaidib úaidibsom, húadibsem
accusative

Forms with a definite article:

  • ón(d), (h)úan, (h)úand (from the) (dative singular)
  • (h)ónaib), (h)úanaib (from the) (dative plural)

Forms with a possessive determiner:

  • (h)úam (from my)
  • (h)úat (from your sg)
  • oa, (h)úa, (h)ó (from his/her/its/their)

Forms with a relative particle:

  • oa·, (h)úa·, (h)ó· (from whom/which)
Descendants

Conjunction

ó (triggers lenition, takes independent verbs)

  1. since (with preterite)
  2. after (with perfect)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ó.

Etymology 2

Noun

ó n

  1. alternative form of áu (ear)

Mutation

Mutation of ó
radical lenition nasalization
ó
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)
ó n-ó

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Polish

Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and ó for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈu/, /ɔ‿ˈskrɛs.kɔw̃/, /u‿krɛs.kɔˈva.nɛ/, /u‿zamˈkɲɛn.tɛ/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -u, -ɛskɔw̃, -anɛ, -ɛntɛ
  • Syllabification: ó

Letter

ó (upper case Ó, lower case)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Polish alphabet, called ó, o z kreską, u kreskowane, or u zamknięte and written in the Latin script.

See also

Portuguese

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes:
  • Hyphenation: ó

Etymology 1

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

  1. the letter o with an acute accent

Etymology 2

Noun

ó m (plural ós)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter O/o.
    Synonym: ô

See also

Etymology 3

Interjection

ó

  1. o; hey (vocative particle)
    Ó Senhor, dai-me forças!O Lord, give me strength.
Alternative forms

Etymology 4

First syllable of olha or olhe.

Interjection

ó

  1. (colloquial) look!
    Ó lá o bugio!
    Look the howler monkey over there!

See also

Slovak

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [oː]

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /o/ [o]
  • Rhymes: -o

Conjunction

ó

  1. superseded spelling of o when between numerals, deprecated in 2010 by the Royal Spanish Academy

Usage notes

  • In many texts prior to the 2010 reform ó was used in place of o for all cases. Through the 20th century, it continued to see regular use near numerals to avoid confusion with 0 (such as 2 ó 3. All such uses are now considered nonstandard.

Taos

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʔɑ/

Verb

ó (basic stem form)

  1. wash

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, compare Malay kau and Toba Batak ho.

Pronoun

ó

  1. you

Upper Sorbian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʊ/

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Upper Sorbian alphabet, called ó and written in the Latin script.

See also

Vietnamese

Etymology

Likely ultimately onomatopoeic. Compare Proto-Vietic *ʔoːʔ (bird).

Pronunciation

Noun

(classifier con) ó • (𪅴)

  1. buzzard, hawk

See also

Welsh

Pronunciation

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /ˈɔ/

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

  1. The letter O, marked for its short pronunciation when in a stressed final syllable of a polysyllabic word.

Yele

Pronunciation

Letter

ó

  1. A letter of the Yele alphabet.

Derived terms

  • The digraph óó transcribes the long vowel /oː/

See also