san

san

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sanskrit.

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Sanskrit terms

From Ancient Greek σάν (sán), from Semitic.

san (plural sans)

1. A letter of the Archaic Greek alphabet (uppercase Ϻ, lowercase ϻ) that came after pi and before qoppa.

• sigma
• San (letter) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Shortening of sanatorium.

• IPA^(key): /sæn/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æn

san (plural sans)

1. (dated, informal) A sanatorium.
   • 1940, Enid Blyton, The Naughtiest Girl in the School:

     "Haven't you heard?" said Belinda. "Joan's ill! She'd got a high temperature, and she's in bed in the San."

   • 1958, Doris Lessing, A Ripple From the Storm, HarperPerennial, published 1995, page 122:

     ‘I was in the san for ten months before the war. I know all the gen about being sick.’

   • 2005, Dan Soucoup, Richard Thorne McCully, McCully's New Brunswick, page 137:

     River Glade Sanatorium, River Glade, June 25, 1931. The "San" at River Glade with the Petitcodiac River in the background.

• eco-san
• san ts'ai
• san fairy ann (etymologically unrelated)

• ANS, NAS, NAs, NSA, SNA, ans, ans.

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔisŋʷ-. Cognates include Hadiyya sane, Oromo funyaan, Sidamo sano, Somali san and Saho san.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsan/ [ˈsʌn]
• Hyphenation: san

sán m (plural sanitté f or sanwá f)

1. nose

• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎^[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 61

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

san

1. day

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈsan]

san f (plural sans)

1. San; the Archaic Greek letter Ϻ (lowercase ϻ)

san

1. alternative spelling of zan

san

1. river

• wordlist in Los Comechingones, in Serie aborígenes argentinos, volume 1 (1945), also in the Boletín de la Academia Argentina de Letras, volume 13, issue 47 (1944)

From the diminutive of Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

san f (plural sanát)

1. tongue
2. language

• Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 417

From Proto-Mongolic *sam, compare Mongolian сам (sam).

• IPA^(key): /sɑŋ/

san

1. comb

From Ancient Greek σάν (sán).

san c (plural san's, diminutive sannetje n)

1. san (archaic Greek letter)

• san (letter) on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^nl

< Ancient Greek σάν (sán)

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑn/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝n]
• Rhymes: -ɑn
• Syllabification^(key): san
• Hyphenation^(key): san

san

1. san (letter in Ancient Greek alphabet)

Inherited from Latin sānus.

san (feminine sana, masculine plural sans, feminine plural sanes) (ORB, broad)

1. healthy

• santât

• sain in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• san in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

• IPA^(key): /san/

san m (plural san)

1. san (Greek letter)

• IPA^(key): /sɑ̃/
• Homophones: cent, cents, sang, sangs, sans, sens, sent

Blend of son +‎ sa.

san n (singular, plural ses)

1. (gender-neutral, neologism) his, her, their, its

   Je connais très bien san partenaire.

   I know their partner wery well.

• iel
• man
• tan

• ans

From Latin sānus.

san

1. healthy, sound

• sanetât

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaŋ/ [ˈs̺ɑŋ]
• Rhymes: -aŋ

From Old Galician-Portuguese san, from Latin sanctus. Cognate with Portuguese são and Spanish san.

• San

san m (apocopate, standard form santo)

1. (before nouns which began by a consonant) apocopic form of santo (“saint”)

From Old Galician-Portuguese são (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin sānus. Cognate with Portuguese são and Spanish sano.

• sao

san (feminine sa, masculine plural sans, feminine plural sas)

1. healthy, sound
   • 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:

     Ay Jesús! miña Joiña!
     non falemos nesto mais,
     que dá grima sò o pensalo,
     Deus vos garde bo é san.
     Santiago. Febreiro doce
     Aÿ! que non sey que me dà,
     que me esfraquezo de todo,
     è non podo vafexàr.

     Oh, Jesus! My Jewel!
     Let's not talk about this anymore
     because it brings creeps just to think about it.
     God take care of you, safe and sound.
     Santiago, February twelve
     Oh!, I don't know what happens to me
     I'm totally weakening
     and I can't breathe

• sandar

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “são”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “san”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “são”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “san”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “san”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “san”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Probably from French cent.

san

1. hundred

• IPA^(key): /sã/

From French cent (“hundred”).

san

1. hundred

From French sang (“blood”).

san

1. blood

For pronunciation and definitions of san – see 山 (“mountain; hill; hill-shaped object; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 山).

From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”), from Proto-Celtic *in sindū/sindai (“in the m sg/f sg dative”), *in sindom/sindam (“into the m sg/f sg accusative”).

• IPA^(key): /sˠən̪ˠ/, /sˠənˠ/ (before a, o, u, fha, fho, fhu)
• IPA^(key): /sˠənʲ/ (before e, i, fhe, fhi)

san

1. preposition i + definite article an: in the (singular)

Used before vowel sounds and f (which lenites); (otherwise, sa is used):

• san amhrán ― in the song
• san fhocal ― in the word

Often understood to be a contraction of ins an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while ins is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.

• Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, →DOI, →JSTOR, §67, page 17
• McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “i”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “san”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• “san”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025

• IPA^(key): /sˠən̪ˠ/, /sˠənˠ/

san

1. (nonstandard) alternative form of sin (“that”) (used after a broad consonant)

   an fear san ― that man (standard: an fear sin)

• IPA^(key): /ˈsan/
• Rhymes: -an
• Hyphenation: sàn

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

san m or f (uncountable)

1. san (Greek letter)

• see santo

san m (apocopated)

1. (used before a consonant) apocopic form of santo saint

   San Pietro ― Saint Peter

• sant', santo

san

1. Rōmaji transcription of さん
2. Rōmaji transcription of サン

From Proto-Turkic *sā-. Compare to Turkish san, Southern Altai сагыш (sagïš), etc.

san

1. number

• N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “san”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Khasi cardinal numbers

<  4	5	6  >
Cardinal : san

From Proto-Khasian *san. Compare Pnar san, Lyngngam san, War-Jaintia san.

• IPA^(key): /san/

san

1. five

san

1. to grow up

• Singh, U Nissor (1906) Khasi-English dictionary‎^[2], Shillong: Eastern Bengal and Assam Secretariat Press, page 183. Searchable online at SEAlang.net.

san

1. meat

Akin to Italian sano, from Latin sanus.

san

1. healthy

san (san⁵ / san⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄙㄢ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 𠮿

san

1. nonstandard spelling of sān
2. nonstandard spelling of sǎn
3. nonstandard spelling of sàn

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

sãn

1. alternative form of seien

san

1. alternative form of saunz

From Vulgar Latin sum, from Classical Latin suum.

• Audio (Jersey):

  (file)

san m

1. (Jersey) his, her, its (used to qualify masculine nouns)

From Old Frisian sunne f. Cognates include West Frisian sinne. The change of gender in Föhr-Amrum dialect has to do with the general merger of the feminine into the neuter, during which process a number of feminines became masculine instead.

san m or f

1. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) sun

   A san gungt up. ― The sun rises.

   A san gungt oner. ― The sun sets.

• Masculine on Föhr and Amrum, feminine in Mooring.

• Sen (Sylt)

From Old Frisian sīn.

san (feminine and neuter sin, plural sin)

1. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) his (third-person singular masculine possessive determiner)
2. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) its (third-person singular neuter posssessive determiner)
3. (Föhr-Amrum) her (third-person singular feminine possessive determiner)

• (her): harn (Mooring), höör (Sylt)

san (feminine and neuter sin, plural (Föhr-Amrum) sinen or (Mooring) sin)

1. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) his (third-person singular masculine possessive pronoun)
2. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) its (third-person singular neuter posssessive pronoun)
3. (Föhr-Amrum) hers (third-person singular feminine possessive pronoun)

• (her): harn (Mooring), höör (Sylt)

Derived from the third-person plural and subjunctive of the present of Old Frisian wesa. Compare Old English sind, Dutch zijn, German sein, sind.

san

1. (Föhr-Amrum) first-person singular present of wees
2. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) plural present of wees(e)

• (1st person): ban (Mooring), sen (Sylt)
• (plural): sen (Sylt)

• saň, saně

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sanь.

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈsan/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈsan/

san f or m animal

1. dragon

   Synonym: drak

• Czech: saň

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “san”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

san oblique singular, m (oblique plural sans, nominative singular sans, nominative plural san)

1. alternative form of sens

Inherited from Sanskrit श्वन् (śvan).

san m

1. dog

Only consensus forms are shown.

• → Thai: สา (sǎa)

• Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “san”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Pnar cardinal numbers

<  4	5	6  >
Cardinal : san     Ordinal : wa san

From Proto-Khasian *san, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *suun ~ *suən ~ *sən; cognate with Khasi san, Mang han², Mon မသုန် (pəsɔn) and Proto-Palaungic *pəsan (whence Riang [Lang] kʰan¹ and Danau θʊn⁴).

• IPA^(key): /san/

san

1. (cardinal number) five

• 𐴏𐴝𐴕 (san) — Hanifi Rohingya script

From Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra); cognate with Bengali চাঁদ (cãd).

san (Hanifi spelling 𐴏𐴝𐴕)

1. moon

san

1. second-person singular present indicative of si

From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”).

san

1. in the

   san anmoch ― in the evening

   san fhad-ùine ― in the long run

   san t-seanchas ― in conversation

   san achadh bhuan ― in the harvest field

• This form is not used before nouns beginning with b, c, g, m or p, where sa is used instead.
• If followed by f, the f is lenited:

  facal - word,

  san fhacal - in the word.

• Often understood to be a contraction of anns an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while anns is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.

• ann an
• anns

• Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, →DOI, →JSTOR, §67, page 17
• McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “i”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.

• IPA^(key): /sân/

sȁn m inan (Cyrillic spelling са̏н)

1. sleep
2. dream

   Šta si videla u tom snu? ― What did you see in that dream?

   • 1993, Bajaga i Instruktori, “Ovo je Balkan”, in Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics), Muzika na struju‎^[3], performed by Bajaga i Instruktori, Produkcija Stig:

     Ovo je ovde Balkan,
     Zemlja iz sna,
     Između moćnih sila
     Dobra i zla.

     This here is the Balkans
     A land from dreams
     Between powerful forces
     Good and evil.

• “san”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔisŋʷ-. Cognates include Afar san, Hadiyya sane, Oromo funyaan, Saho san and Sidamo sano. Possibly related to Egyptian sn (“to smell”).

san ?

1. nose

• san Afmaal Somali-English Dictionary.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsan/ [ˈsãn]
• Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: san

• San (in proper nouns, capitalized)

san m (plural sanes)

1. (Dominican Republic) financial, temporal-savings scheme; the participants periodically contribute a quota to a communal pot that is given to one member, based on his/her turn amongst all the others

san m (apocopate, standard form santo)

1. (before the noun) apocopic form of santo (“saint”)

• Not used in front names beginning with To- or Do- syllables like Tomás, Tomé, Toribio, and Domingo. Santo is used instead.

san f (plural sanes)

1. san; the Greek letter M, ϻ

• “san”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈsan/ [ˈsan̪]
• Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: san

san (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔)

1. informal form of saan

san

1. number
2. shin, hind leg
3. limb

Borrowed from Russian са́ни (sáni).

san

1. sledge, sleigh

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[4], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

From English sun.

san

1. sun
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:15:

     God i mekim kamap tupela bikpela lait. Bikpela em san bilong givim lait long de, na liklik em mun bilong givim lait long nait. Na God i mekim kamap ol sta tu.

     →New International Version translation

• sankamap

From English sun.

san

1. sun

From Ottoman Turkish صان (san), a derivation from Proto-Turkic *sā- (“to count”). Related to say- (“to count”) and san- (“to consider”).

san (definite accusative sanı, plural sanlar)

1. name
2. reputation

• ad san

• saymak
• sanmak

• “san”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

From Latin sanus.

san

1. healthy

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [saːn˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʂaːŋ˧˧] ~ [saːŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʂaːŋ˧˧] ~ [saːŋ˧˧]

san • (刊, 刪, 删, 湌, 鏟)

1. to flatten
2. to make equal

Cognate with Igala ra

• IPA^(key): /sã̄/

san

1. to pay

   Ó ti san owó orí ìyàwó. ― He has paid the bride price.

• sanwó

• IPA^(key): /sã̀/

sàn

1. to be good; to be well

   Synonyms: dára, yááyì

   Ó sàn kí a sinmi. ― It's good that we rest.

2. to heal

   Ọgbẹ́ ti sàn. ― The wound has healed.

• IPA^(key): /sã́/

sán

1. (with àrá (“thunder”)) to thunder

   Àrá ń sán. ― Thunder is striking.

Compare Nupe sán (“to split; to ache (head)”).

• IPA^(key): /sã́/

sán

1. to crack; to split

   Òkúta ti sán. ― The rock has split.

2. (with orí (“head”)) to ache

   Synonym: fọ́

   Orí ń sán mi. ― My head is aching me.

From Proto-Tai *saːn. Cognate with Thai สาน (sǎan), Northern Thai ᩈᩣ᩠ᨶ, Lao ສານ (sān), Lü ᦉᦱᧃ (ṡaan), Khün ᩈᩣ᩠ᨶ, Shan သၢၼ် (sǎan), Ahom 𑜏𑜃𑜫 (san).

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /θaːn˨˦/
• Tone numbers: san¹
• Hyphenation: san

san (1957–1982 spelling san)

1. to weave