kau
Translingual
Symbol
kau
Ajië
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kau]
Adjective
kau
References
- Leenhardt, M. (1935) Vocabulaire et grammaire de la langue Houaïlou, Paris: Institut d'ethnologie. Cited in: "Houaïlou" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
- Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "Ajiø" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
Albanian
Noun
kau
- inflection of ka:
- definite nominative singular
- indefinite dative/ablative singular
Dibabawon Manobo
Noun
kaù
Fijian
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Pacific *kayu, from Proto-Oceanic *kayu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw (compare Malay kayu), from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.
Noun
kau
German
Pronunciation
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -aʊ̯
Verb
kau
- singular imperative of kauen
Hawaiian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkau̯/, [ˈkɐw], [ˈkɔw] (rapid speech)
Etymology 1
From Proto-Polynesian *taqu (compare with Maori tau "year"), from Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqun (compare with Malay tahun, Tagalog taón both meaning "year").
Noun
kau
- season
- kau wela ― summer
- kau anu ― winter
- kau o makalapua ― spring
- ke kau o hāʻule lau ― autumn, fall
- period of time, lifetime
- I ke kau i ke aliʻi o Ka-mehameha.
- In the time of the chief, Kamehameha.
- semester, term
- session
Etymology 2
From Proto-Polynesian *tau, from Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀuq.
Verb
kau(transitive)
- to place, to put
- to settle, to perch
- to enact, to impose, to levy (a tax)
- to board, to mount
- (of the moon) to rise
- (of the sun) to set
- to hang up
Derived terms
- hoʻokau (“put on”, verb)
References
- Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “kau”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press
Hokkien
For pronunciation and definitions of kau – see 交 (“to intersect; to cross; to reach; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 交). |
For pronunciation and definitions of kau – see 溝 (“ditch; trench; channel; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 溝). |
For pronunciation and definitions of kau – see 勾 (“to bend; to curve; to crook; to hook; to draw; to delineate; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 勾). |
For pronunciation and definitions of kau – see 郊 (“suburbs; outskirts; open spaces”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 郊). |
For pronunciation and definitions of kau – see 鉤 (“hook; barb; sickle; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 鉤). |
For pronunciation and definitions of kau – see 蛟 (“mythical flood dragon; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 蛟). |
For pronunciation and definitions of kau – see 高 (“only used in 高長/高长”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 高). |
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay kau, from Proto-Malayic *kau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian)
- IPA(key): /ˈkau̯/ [ˈkau̯]
- Rhymes: -au̯
- Syllabification: kau
- IPA(key): (colloquial, dialectal) /ˈko/ [ˈko]
- IPA(key): /ˈkau̯/ [ˈkau̯]
Pronoun
kau
Usage notes
Largely used in poetry and songs. Might be perceived as literary or disapproving.
Synonyms
Indonesian informal second-person pronouns:
- anta (informal, mainly used by Muslim community)
- antum (informal, mainly used by Muslim community)
- coen (slang, East Java)
- ente (informal, mainly used by Betawi ethnic group)
- kamu (intimate)
- ko, kowe (informal, Java)
- kon, koen (colloquial, East Java)
- lu, lo, loe, elu (informal, mainly used by Betawi ethnic group)
- mika, mike (informal, Eastern Sumatra)
Japanese
Romanization
kau
Kapampangan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kəˈu/ [kəˈu]
- Hyphenation: ka‧u
Noun
kau
Kapingamarangi
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *kaRu.
Verb
kau
- to swim
Makasar
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈka.u/
- Hyphenation: ka‧u
Pronoun
kau (Lontara spelling ᨀᨕᨘ)
- you (familiar second person)
See also
independent | absolutive | nominative | possessive | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st sg / 1st pl exclusive | nakke | -a' | ku- | -ku |
1st pl exclusive (archaic) | kambe | -kang | ki- | -mang |
1st pl inclusive / 2nd sg polite | katte | -ki' | ki- | -ta |
2nd sg / pl familiar | kau | -ko | nu- | -nu |
3rd sg / pl | ia | -i | na- | -na |
Malay
Etymology
Shortened form of engkau, from Proto-Malayic *kau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kau̯/
- Rhymes: -kau̯, -au̯
Audio (Malaysia): (file)
Pronoun
kau (Jawi spelling کاو)
Usage notes
Used among contemporary friends and relatives, especially of the same gender; also used in disapproving tones.
See also
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
1st person | standard |
saya / ساي |
kami / کامي (exclusive) |
royal | |||
2nd person | standard | ||
engkau / اڠکاو, kau- / كاوـ (informal/poetic/towards God) |
anda semua / اندا سموا (formal) | ||
royal |
tuanku / توانكو | ||
3rd person | standard |
dia / دي |
|
royal |
baginda / بݢيندا |
Mangarevan
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *kaRu.
Verb
kau
- to swim
Maori
Etymology 1
From Proto-Polynesian *kau (compare with Hawaiian ʻau), from Proto-Oceanic *kayu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw (compare with Malay kayu), from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.
Verb
kau (used in the form rākau)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Proto-Polynesian *kau₂ from Proto-Oceanic *kaRu.[1][2]
Verb
kau (used in the form kauhoe-tia)
Derived terms
- kau aihe (“the butterfly stroke”)
- kau āpuru (“the breaststroke”)
- kau kiore (“the backstroke”)
- kau tāhoe (“the sidestroke”)
- kau tāwhai (“freestyle swimming; to swim freestyle”)
- kau tīraha (“the backstroke; to swim backstroke”)
- kauanga (“ford”)
- whakakau (“to make something to swim”)
Related terms
References
- ^ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “kau.1”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551-559
- ^ Ross, Malcolm D., Pawley, Andrew, Osmond, Meredith (2016) The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volumes 5: People, body and mind, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, page 350
Etymology 3
Noun
kau
- a cow
Derived terms
Further reading
- Williams, Herbert William (1917) “kau”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 123
- “kau” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.
Marshallese
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (phonetic) IPA(key): [kɑːu], (enunciated) [kɑ wu]
- (phonemic) IPA(key): /kæɰwiw/
- Bender phonemes: {kahwiw}
Noun
kau (construct form kauin)
References
Pitcairn-Norfolk
Etymology
Noun
kau
Rapa Nui
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *kau. Cognates include Hawaiian ʻau and Maori kau.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈka.u/
- Hyphenation: ka‧u
Verb
kau
- (intransitive) to swim
References
- Veronica Du Feu (1996) Rapanui (Descriptive Grammars), Routledge, →ISBN, page 207
- Paulus Kieviet (2017) A grammar of Rapa Nui[1], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, page 29
Tagalog
Etymology
From kayo but the last syllable replaced with homophonous English U. See also un for iyon, and ngaun for ngayon.
Pronoun
kau (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜌᜓ) (text messaging, Internet slang)
- abbreviation of kayo (“you (plural or sometimes polite singular form)”)
Anagrams
Tok Pisin
Etymology
Noun
kau
Tuamotuan
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *kaRu.
Verb
kau
- to swim
Wolio
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw, from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kau/
Noun
kau
References
- Anceaux, Johannes C. (1987) Wolio Dictionary (Wolio-English-Indonesian) / Kamus Bahasa Wolio (Wolio-Inggeris-Indonesia), Dordrecht: Foris