thu

See also: Thu, thụ, thú, thủ, thư, thứ, thũ, þu, and thự

English

Pronoun

thu

  1. (Scotland) Variant of thou.

Aghu Tharrnggala

Noun

thu

  1. liver

Further reading

  • Barry Alpher, Connecting Thaypanic, in Land and Language in Cape York Peninsula and the Gulf Country, edited by Jean-Christophe Verstraete, Diane Hafner

German

Verb

thu

  1. singular imperative of thun

Kuku-Thaypan

Noun

thu

  1. liver

Further reading

  • Barry Alpher, Connecting Thaypanic, in Land and Language in Cape York Peninsula and the Gulf Country, edited by Jean-Christophe Verstraete, Diane Hafner

Lutuv

Etymology

Proto-Kuki-Chin *thaw-I, from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-sow

Verb

thu

  1. to rise

Middle English

Pronoun

thu

  1. alternative form of þou (“thou”)

Old Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun

thu

  1. thou, you (singular)

Descendants

  • Danish: du

Old Dutch

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronoun

thū

  1. thou, you (singular)

Inflection

Old Dutch personal pronouns
1st person Singular Plural
Nominative ik, ic, ih wī, wīr
Accusative mī, mik, *mic uns, unsig
Genitive mīn unsa, *unser
Dative mī uns, unsig
2nd person Singular Plural
Nominative thu, tu gī, ir
Accusative thī, thik, *thic iu,
Genitive thīn iuwa, *iuwer
Dative thī iu
3rd person Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative hē, hie sia it
Accusative imo sia it
Genitive sīn, is iro is
Dative imo iro imo
Plural
Nominative sia, sie (masc. plur.)
Accusative sia, sie (masc. plur.)
Genitive iro
Dative im

Descendants

Further reading

  • “thū”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old Frisian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *þū. Cognates include Old English þū and Old Saxon thū.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈθuː/

Pronoun

thū (accusative thī, genitive thīn, dative thī)

  1. thou, you (singular)

Declension

Old Frisian personal pronoun declensions
nominative accusative dative genitive
singular 1st person ik mī mī mīn
2nd person thū thī thī thīn
3rd
person 		m hī hine him sīn
f hiū, hiō hiā hire, hiāre hire, hiāre
n hit hit him sīn
plural 1st person wī ūs ūs ūser
2nd person jī jū, jō jū, jō jūwer
3rd person hiā hiā him, hirem, hiārem hira, hiāra

Descendants

  • North Frisian:
    Most dialects: dü
    Halligen: du
    Heligoland: di
  • Saterland Frisian: du
  • West Frisian: do, dû

References

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 214

Old High German

Pronoun

thū

  1. alternative form of du

Inflection

This pronoun needs an inflection-table template.

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronoun

thū

  1. thou, you (singular)

Declension

Old Saxon personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative genitive
singular 1st person ik mī, me, mik mī mīn
2nd person thū thī, thik thī thīn
3rd
person 		m hē ina imu is
f siu sia iru ira
n it it is
dual 1st person wit unk unkero, unka
2nd person git ink inker, inka
plural 1st person wī, we ūs, unsik ūs ūser
2nd person gī, ge eu, iu, iuu euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera
3rd
person 		m sia im iro
f sia
n siu

Descendants

  • Low German: du

Old Swedish

Pronoun

thu

  1. alternative form of þū

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish tú. Cognates include Irish tú and Manx oo.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

thu (emphatic thusa, unlenited tu)

  1. second-person singular informal pronoun; thou, you
    Ciamar a tha thu, a Dhànaidh? ― How are you, Danny?

Usage notes

  • thu is used to address one person in a familiar or informal situation. It is used between friends, and to people who are younger or of inferior social rank to the speaker.
  • Children are always addressed using thu.
  • It is considered distinctly impolite to address parents, grandparents, teachers, clergymen, etc. with thu, in these situations sibh is required.

Inflection

  • tu (used after verb forms ending in -n, -s or -dh)

See also

Scottish Gaelic personal pronouns
simple emphatic
singular plural singular plural
first person mi sinn mise sinne
second person thu, tu1 sibh2 thusa, tusa1 sibhse2
third
person 		m e iad esan iadsan
f i ise

1 Used when following a verb ending in -n, -s or -dh.
2 sibh and sibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns.
To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives of gam are used.

References

  1. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  2. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
  3. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  4. ^ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
  5. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “thu”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tú”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [tʰu˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [tʰʊw˧˧]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [tʰʊw˧˧]
  • Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 秋.

Noun

thu

  1. autumn; fall
    Synonym: mùa thu
Derived terms
See also
Seasons in Vietnamese · bốn mùa (“four seasons”) (layout · text) · category
xuân (“spring”) hè, hạ (“summer”) thu (“fall; autumn”) đông (“winter”)

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 收.

Verb

thu

  1. to get (something) back; to retrieve
  2. short for thu âm (“to record”)
    Synonym: thâu
Derived terms

Welsh

Pronunciation

Noun

thu

  1. aspirate mutation of tu

Mutation

Mutated forms of tu
radical soft nasal aspirate
tu du nhu thu

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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