ge
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Page categories
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian гэ (gɛ).
Noun
ge (plural ges)
Anagrams
Achang
Pronunciation
- (Myanmar) /ɡɛ˧/
Particle
ge
- Quotation-marking particle, placed at the end of a quote.
Further reading
- Inglis, Douglas, Sampu, Nasaw, Jaseng, Wilai, Jana, Thocha (2005) A preliminary Ngochang–Kachin–English Lexicon[1], Payap University, page 34
Basque
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡe/
Noun
ge inan
Declension
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | ge | gea | geak |
ergative | gek | geak | geek |
dative | geri | geari | geei |
genitive | geren | gearen | geen |
comitative | gerekin | gearekin | geekin |
causative | gerengatik | gearengatik | geengatik |
benefactive | gerentzat | gearentzat | geentzat |
instrumental | gez | geaz | geez |
inessive | getan | gean | geetan |
locative | getako | geko | geetako |
allative | getara | gera | geetara |
terminative | getaraino | geraino | geetaraino |
directive | getarantz | gerantz | geetarantz |
destinative | getarako | gerako | geetarako |
ablative | getatik | getik | geetatik |
partitive | gerik | — | — |
prolative | getzat | — | — |
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta
Catalan
Pronunciation
Noun
ge f (plural ges)
Cebuano
Interjection
ge
- (informal) short for sige
Dutch
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɣə/
Audio: (file)
Pronoun
ge
- (dialectal, colloquial) unstressed form of gij (“you”)
- Da ge bedankt zeet da witte!
- You know I'm thankful!
Usage notes
- See usage notes at gij
Declension
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u, zich7 | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person gender-neutral8 | hen | – | hen | – | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u, zich7 | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). 5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, gelle (object form elle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms are gijlieden and gijlui ("you people"). |
7) Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.' 8) Not officially recognized in standard Dutch. It has gained popularity, especially in mainstream media and queer circles, as a respectful term for non-binary individuals. |
Anagrams
East Central German
Etymology
Adverb
ge
- (Erzgebirgisch) ever
- von ge har
- ever since
- (Erzgebirgisch) per
- (Erzgebirgisch) the
Further reading
- Alte und neue Gedichte und Geschichten in erzgebirgischer Mundart, 12. Heft., P. 39
Emilian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡe/
- Hyphenation: ge
Alternative forms
- Becomes g’ before a vowel (proclitic).
- A g’andám edmān. ― We go there tomorrow.
- La g’à parlê. ― She talked to them.
- Becomes -eg when acting as an enclitic (after a consonant).
- J-eg vān edmān. ― They go there tomorrow. (imperative, singular)
- J-eg dān da fêr. ― They give her trouble.
- Becomes -g when acting as an enclitic (after a vowel).
- A-g vag edmān. ― I’m going there tomorrow. (imperative, plural)
- A-g pôrt di munjêgi. ― I bring him some apricots.
Etymology 1
From Latin illī (nominative plural and dative singular of ille). Cognate with Catalan li and Italian gli.
Pronoun
ge (personal, dative case)
Related terms
Number | Person | Gender | Disjunctive (tonic) |
Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Reflexive (-self) |
Comitative (with) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | mè | a | me | mêg | ||
Second | — | tè | et | te | têg | |||
Third | Masculine | ló | al | ge | se | sêg | ||
Feminine | lê | la | ||||||
Plural | First | Masculine | nuēter | a | se | nōsk | ||
Feminine | nuētri | |||||||
Second | Masculine | vuēter | a | ve | vōsk | |||
Feminine | vuētri | |||||||
Third | Masculine | lôr | i | ge | se | sêg | ||
Feminine | el | li |
Etymology 2
From Latin hīc (“here”). Cognate with Catalan hi, French y, Italian ci.
Pronoun
ge (adverbial, locative case)
Faroese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /keː/
Noun
ge n (genitive singular ges, plural ge)
Declension
n4 | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | ge | geið | ge | geini |
accusative | ge | geið | ge | geini |
dative | ge, gei | genum | geum | geunum |
genitive | ges | gesins | gea | geanna |
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) bókstavur; a / fyrra a, á, be, de, edd, e, eff, ge, há, i / fyrra i, í / fyrra í, jodd, ká, ell, emm, enn, o, ó, pe, err, ess, te, u, ú, ve, seinna i, seinna í, seinna a, ø
Ido
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡe/, /ɡɛ/
Noun
ge (plural ge-i)
See also
- Latin script letter names: literi: a · be · ce · che · de · e · fe · ge · he · i · je · ke · le · me · ne · o · pe · que · re · se · she · te · u · ve · we · xe · ye · ze [edit]
Indonesian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡe/, [ɡe]
Noun
gé (plural ge-ge)
Synonyms
- ji (Standard Malay)
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) huruf; a, be, ce, de, e, ef, ge, ha, i, je, ka, el, em, en, o, pe, ki, er, es, te, u, ve, we, eks, ye, zet
Further reading
- “ge” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Japanese
Romanization
ge
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈɡeː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈd͡ʒɛː]
Noun
gē f (indeclinable)
- The name of the letter G.
Coordinate terms
- (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta
References
- “ge”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia[2]
- “ge”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."
Mandarin
Romanization
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 個 / 个
Romanization
ge
- nonstandard spelling of gē
- nonstandard spelling of gé
- nonstandard spelling of gě
- nonstandard spelling of gè
- nonstandard spelling of gê̄
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Mapudungun
Noun
ge (Raguileo spelling)
References
- Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
Middle English
Etymology 1
Pronoun
ge
- alternative form of ye (“you”)
Etymology 2
Pronoun
ge
- alternative form of heo (“she”)
Nupe
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡē/
Verb
ge
- to be good
- U ge à ― It's not good
Derived terms
Occitan
Noun
ge f (plural ges)
Ojibwe
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adverb
ge
- as for
- also, too, and
See also
References
- The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/ge-adv-conj
Old English
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, from *jīz, an early variation of Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs.
Cognate with Old Frisian jī, Old Saxon gi, Dutch gij, Old High German ir (German ihr), Old Norse ér (Swedish I, later ni), Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐍃 (jus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Albanian ju, Proto-Baltic *ju- (Lithuanian jūs), Tocharian A yas, Tocharian B yes.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jeː/
Pronoun
ġē (West Saxon, Anglian)
Declension
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | first person | iċ | mē, mec | mē | mīn | |
second person | þū | þē, þec | þē | þīn | ||
third person | neuter | hit | him | his | ||
masculine | hē | hine | ||||
feminine | hēo | hīe | hire | |||
dual | first person | wit | unc, uncit | unc | uncer | |
second person | ġit | inc, incit | inc | incer | ||
plural | first person | wē | ūs, ūsiċ | ūs | ūre, ūser | |
second person | ġē | ēow, ēowiċ | ēow | ēower | ||
third person | hīe | him | heora |
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *jahw, from *ja + *-hw.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /je/
Conjunction
ġe
- and; often doubled as ġe... ġe... ("both... and...")
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
- Gyf þonne ǣfre gebyreð þæt þū þē ful hālne and ful trumne ongytst, and hæafst æalle þīne frēond myd þē, ǣġðer ge on mōde ge on līchaman, and on ðām ilcan worce and on ðām ylcan willum ðe ðē best lyst dōn, hweðer þū ðonne wille bēon āwiht blīðe?
- If then it ever happen that thou shalt find thyself full whole and full strong, and hast all thy friends with thee, both in mind and in body, and in that same work and in that same will which pleaseth thee best to do, wilt thou then be happy at all?
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
Descendants
Old French
Pronoun
ge
- alternative form of je
Old Spanish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒe/
Pronoun
ge
Descendants
- Spanish: se
Rawa
Pronoun
ge
References
- Norma Toland, Donald Toland, Reference Grammar of the Karo/Rawa Language (1991)
Romagnol
Noun
ge m or f (invariable)
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) lètra; a, bé, cé, dé, e, ëffe, ge, àcca / àca, i, i lóng, càpa, ëlle, èmme, ènne, o, pé, cu, ërre, ësse, té, u, vé, dópi vé / dópi vu / vu dópi, ics, i gréc / ìpsilon, zéta
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish cía (“although”). Cognate with Irish cé.
Conjunction
ge
- (dated) although
Synonyms
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxe/ [ˈxe]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -e
- Syllabification: ge
Etymology 1
Noun
ge f (plural ges)
Etymology 2
Latin illī; akin to Portuguese lhe, Italian gli.
Pronoun
ge
- obsolete form of se (as a dative pronoun)
Further reading
- “ge”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024
Sranan Tongo
Etymology
Probably from Ewe gē (“belch”).[1]
Verb
ge
References
- ^ Norval Smith (2009) “A preliminary list of probable Gbe lexical items in the Surinam Creoles”, in P. Muysken, N. Smith, editors, Surviving the Middle Passage: The West Africa-Surinam Sprachbund, Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, page 467.
Sumerian
Romanization
ge
- romanization of 𒄀 (ge)
Swedish
Etymology
Apocopic form of giva, with umlaut, from Old Swedish giva, gæva, from Old Norse gefa, from Proto-Germanic *gebaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰab(ʰ)-. Compare Old English giefan (whence English give).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jeː/, [ˈjeːə]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -eː
Verb
ge (present ger, preterite gav, supine gett, imperative ge)
- to give
- Synonym: giva (dated)
- 1541, Gustav Vasa Bible, Book of Matthew, 25:42
- Ty iagh war hungrogh / och j gåffuen migh icke äta. Jagh war torstigh / och j gåffuen migh icke dricka.
- (pre-1906 spelling) Ty jag var hungrig, och I gåfven mig icke äta; jag var törstig, och I gåfven mig icke dricka.
- For I was an hungred, and ye gave me no meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink.
- (reflexive) to give up, to surrender, to quit
- to give (to exhibit as a product or result; to produce; to yield)
Usage notes
- The older full conjugation (giva, giver) is complete with present and past participles. The short conjugation (ge, ger) does not provide acceptable forms for participles (*geende, *gedd), but is now the preferred and dominating choice for other cases (ge, ger, gett).
Conjugation
active | passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | ge | ges | ||
supine | gett | getts | ||
imperative | ge | — | ||
imper. plural1 | gen | — | ||
present | past | present | past | |
indicative | ger | gav | ges | gavs |
ind. plural1 | ge | gåvo | ges | gåvos |
subjunctive2 | ge | gåve | ges | gåves |
present participle | givande | |||
past participle | given |
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
active | passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | giva | givas | ||
supine | givit | givits | ||
imperative | giv | — | ||
imper. plural1 | given | — | ||
present | past | present | past | |
indicative | giver | gav | givs, gives | gavs |
ind. plural1 | giva | gåvo | givas | gåvos |
subjunctive2 | give | gåve | gives | gåves |
present participle | givande | |||
past participle | given |
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
active | passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gifva | gifvas | ||
supine | gifvit | gifvits | ||
imperative | gif | — | ||
imper. plural1 | gifven | — | ||
present | past | present | past | |
indicative | gifver | gaf | gifs, gifves | gafs |
ind. plural1 | gifva | gåfvo | gifvas | gåfvos |
subjunctive2 | gifve | gåfve | gifves | gåfves |
present participle | gifvande | |||
past participle | gifven |
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Derived terms
- ange
- avge
- formge
- ge an
- ge besked
- ge bort
- ge efter
- ge igen
- ge järnet
- ge med sig
- ge rätt
- ge sig av
- ge sig den på
- ge sig in i
- ge sig på
- ge sig till
- ge sig tillkänna
- ge tillbaka
- ge upp
- ge ut
- ge vid handen
- inge
- tillge
- uppge
- utge
- överge
References
- ge in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- ge in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- ge in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
Tagalog
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈɡe/ [ˈɡɛ]
- Rhymes: -e
- Syllabification: ge
Interjection
ge (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜒ)
- clipping of sige
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Spanish ge, the Spanish name of the letter G / g.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈhe/ [ˈhɛ]
- Rhymes: -e
- Syllabification: ge
Noun
ge (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒ)
- (historical) the name of the Latin-script letter G/g, in the Abecedario
Alternative forms
Ternate
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡeː/
Determiner
ge
Pronoun
ge
- (demonstrative) this
- ngori tomau ge ― I want that
- ge foke ― that is a cockroach
References
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɟe/
Noun
ge (definite accusative geyi, plural geler)
Usage notes
Unlike ke, which also has a "hard" and "soft" variant, the pronunciation /gɑ/ virtually doesn't exist and /ɟe/ is universal.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze
Turkmen
Noun
ge (definite accusative geni, plural geler)
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) harp; a, be, çe, de, e, ä, ef, ge, ha, i, je, že, ke, el, em, en, eň, o, ö, pe, re, se, şa, te, u, ü, we, y, ýy, ze
Yoruba
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡé/
Verb
gé
- (transitive) to cut something; especially using a tool
- Synonym: ké
- to segment into parts
- mo gé e wẹ́lẹ́-wẹ́lẹ́ ― I segmented it into small pieces
- (stative, intransitive) to become cut, snapped, or broken
- Synonym: ké
Derived terms
Zaghawa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡɛ/
Verb
ge