Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fōgijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *poh₂ḱ-éye-, causative of the root *peh₂ḱ- (“to join, attach”), which implies an unattested strong *fahaną.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸɔː.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fōgijaną^[1]^[2]^[3]

to fit or join together

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*fōgijō	*fōgijaų	—	*fōgijai	?
2nd singular	*fōgīsi	*fōgijais	*fōgī	*fōgijasai	*fōgijaisau
3rd singular	*fōgīþi	*fōgijai	*fōgijaþau	*fōgijaþai	*fōgijaiþau
1st dual	*fōgijōs	*fōgijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fōgijaþiz	*fōgijaiþiz	*fōgijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*fōgijamaz	*fōgijaim	—	*fōgijanþai	*fōgijainþau
2nd plural	*fōgīþ	*fōgijaiþ	*fōgīþ	*fōgijanþai	*fōgijainþau
3rd plural	*fōgijanþi	*fōgijain	*fōgijanþau	*fōgijanþai	*fōgijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fōgidǭ	*fōgidēdį̄
2nd singular	*fōgidēz	*fōgidēdīz
3rd singular	*fōgidē	*fōgidēdī
1st dual	*fōgidēdū	*fōgidēdīw
2nd dual	*fōgidēdudiz	*fōgidēdīdiz
1st plural	*fōgidēdum	*fōgidēdīm
2nd plural	*fōgidēdud	*fōgidēdīd
3rd plural	*fōgidēdun	*fōgidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*fōgijandz	*fōgidaz

Related terms

*fagraz
*fōgą
*fōgaz
*fōgijaz
*fōgiþō

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *fōgijan
- Old English: fēġan
  - Middle English: feyen
    - English: fay
- Old Saxon: fōgian
  - Middle Low German: vȫgen, vôgen
    - Low German: fögen
    - → Old Danish: fø̄ghæ
      - Danish: føje
    - → Old Swedish: fōgha, fø̄ghia
      - Swedish: foga
- Old Dutch: fuogen
  - Middle Dutch: voegen
    - Dutch: voegen
      - Afrikaans: voeg
    - Limburgish: voge
- Old High German: fuogen
  - Middle High German: vuogen, vüegen
    - German: fügen

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fōgjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 150
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*fōʒjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 109
^ Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “voegen”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[3] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fōgjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 150

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*fōʒjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 109

[3] Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “voegen”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[3] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

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[2]

[3]