Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/felhaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly:^[1]

If the sense “to go, enter” is original, related to *fulgāną (“to follow”), for which Kroonen reconstructs a Germanic-only root *pelk- (cf. Kroonen (2013), p. 159, s.v. *fulgēn-).
If “to conceal” is original, related to Old Prussian pelkis (“cloak”), from an extension *pel-k- of Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, cloth”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸel.xɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*felhaną^[1]^[2]

to enter, to go inside
to put inside, to conceal, to hide, to bury

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 3)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*felhō	*felhaų	—	*felhai	?
2nd singular	*filhizi	*felhaiz	*felh	*felhazai	*felhaizau
3rd singular	*filhidi	*felhai	*felhadau	*felhadai	*felhaidau
1st dual	*felhōz	*felhaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*felhadiz	*felhaidiz	*felhadiz	—	—
1st plural	*felhamaz	*felhaim	—	*felhandai	*felhaindau
2nd plural	*filhid	*felhaid	*filhid	*felhandai	*felhaindau
3rd plural	*felhandi	*felhain	*felhandau	*felhandai	*felhaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*falh	*fulgį̄
2nd singular	*falht	*fulgīz
3rd singular	*falh	*fulgī
1st dual	*fulgū	*fulgīw
2nd dual	*fulgudiz	*fulgīdiz
1st plural	*fulgum	*fulgīm
2nd plural	*fulgud	*fulgīd
3rd plural	*fulgun	*fulgīn

	present	past
participles	*felhandz	*fulganaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *felhan
- Old English: fēolan
  - Middle English: felen
    - English: feal (“to hide”)
- Old Frisian: fela
- Old Saxon: felhan
  - Middle Low German: vēlen
    - Low German: fehlen
- Old Dutch: felan
  - Middle Dutch: vēlen
    - Dutch: velen
- Old High German: felahan, felhan
  - Middle High German: felhen, velhen
Proto-Norse: ᚠᛖᛚᛡᚺ (felᴀh), ᚠᛡᛚᛡᚺ (fᴀlᴀh) (first-person singular present/past indicative)
- Old Norse: fela, *fjala
  - Icelandic: fela
  - Faroese: fjala
  - Old Swedish: fiæla, fiala
    - Swedish: fjäla (dialectal)
  - Old Danish: fiælæ, fialæ
    - Danish: fjæle
  - → English: feal
Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌰𐌽 (filhan)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*felhan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 135
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*felxanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 97

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*felhan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 135

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*felxanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 97

[1]

[2]