Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fragebaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *fra- + *gebaną. Possibly calqued from Late Latin perdōnō, or vice-versa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˌɸrɑ.ˈɣe.βɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*fragebaną
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *fragebō | *fragebaų | — | *fragebai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *fragibizi | *fragebaiz | *frageb | *fragebazai | *fragebaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *fragibidi | *fragebai | *fragebadau | *fragebadai | *fragebaidau | |
| 1st dual | *fragebōz | *fragebaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *fragebadiz | *fragebaidiz | *fragebadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *fragebamaz | *fragebaim | — | *fragebandai | *fragebaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *fragibid | *fragebaid | *fragibid | *fragebandai | *fragebaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *fragebandi | *fragebain | *fragebandau | *fragebandai | *fragebaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *fragab | *fragēbį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *fragaft | *fragēbīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *fragab | *fragēbī | ||||
| 1st dual | *fragēbū | *fragēbīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *fragēbudiz | *fragēbīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *fragēbum | *fragēbīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *fragēbud | *fragēbīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *fragēbun | *fragēbīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *fragebandz | *fragebanaz | ||||
Derived terms
- *fragiftiz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *frageban
- Old English: forġiefan, forġeofan — Non-West Saxon, forġifan — West Saxon, forġyfan — Late West Saxon
- Old Frisian: *forieva
- Saterland Frisian: ferjeeuwe
- West Frisian: ferjaan
- Old Saxon: fargevan, fargeƀan
- Middle Low German: vorgeven
- German Low German: vergeven, vögiëwen
- Middle Low German: vorgeven
- Old Dutch: *fargevan
- Old High German: fargeban
- Old Norse: fyrirgefa
- Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (fragiban)
- →? Late Latin: perdōnō (calque) (see there for further descendants)