Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fristiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From an earlier *fres (“forward”) + *-þiz, the former abstracted from a Proto-Indo-European *pres-sto-, composed of *per- (“forward, forth, over, beyond”) +‎ *steh₂- (“to stand”).^[1] Closely related to *frestą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸris.tiz/

Noun

*fristiz m

an appointed time; date

Inflection

Declension of *fristiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*fristiz	*fristīz
vocative	*fristi	*fristīz
accusative	*fristį	*fristinz
genitive	*fristīz	*fristijǫ̂
dative	*fristī	*fristimaz
instrumental	*fristī	*fristimiz

Related terms

*frestą

Descendants

Old English: frist, first, fierst, fyrst m; fierst f
- Middle English: first, furst, feorst, forst, ferst, frest, vrist
  - English: frist, first
  - Scots: frist, frest, first, fyrst
Old Saxon: *frist
- Middle Low German: frist, ferst, verst, vorst, vrüst f
Old Dutch: frist
- Middle Dutch: verste, verst, varste, vierste, vorste, vōorste, vurste, vuerste
Old High German: frist m; frist f
- Middle High German: vrist m; vrist f
  - German: Frist f
Old Norse: *frestr; *fresta (likely a back-formation of the neuter plural of *frestą)

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*frestan ~ *frestaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*frestan ~ *frestaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113

[1]