Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwistlōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hwis- (to hiss), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweys-, *ḱwey- (to hiss, whistle, whisper). Cognate with Latin quiritō (scream, screech, shriek, squall).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxʷist.lɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hwistlōną

  1. to whistle, hiss

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwistlō *hwistlǭ *hwistlōi ?
2nd singular *hwistlōsi *hwistlōs *hwistlō *hwistlōsai *hwistlōsau
3rd singular *hwistlōþi *hwistlō *hwistlōþau *hwistlōþai *hwistlōþau
1st dual *hwistlōs *hwistlōw
2nd dual *hwistlōþiz *hwistlōþiz *hwistlōþiz
1st plural *hwistlōmaz *hwistlōm *hwistlōnþai *hwistlōnþau
2nd plural *hwistlōþ *hwistlōþ *hwistlōþ *hwistlōnþai *hwistlōnþau
3rd plural *hwistlōnþi *hwistlōn *hwistlōnþau *hwistlōnþai *hwistlōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwistlōdǭ *hwistlōdēdį̄
2nd singular *hwistlōdēz *hwistlōdēdīz
3rd singular *hwistlōdē *hwistlōdēdī
1st dual *hwistlōdēdū *hwistlōdēdīw
2nd dual *hwistlōdēdudiz *hwistlōdēdīdiz
1st plural *hwistlōdēdum *hwistlōdēdīm
2nd plural *hwistlōdēdud *hwistlōdēdīd
3rd plural *hwistlōdēdun *hwistlōdēdīn
present past
participles *hwistlōndz *hwistlōdaz

Descendants

  • Old English: hwistlian
  • Old Dutch: *wistalon
    • Middle Dutch: *wistelen
      • Dutch: wistelen
  • Old Norse: hvísla
    • Icelandic: hvísla
    • Norwegian: hvisle
    • Old Swedish: hvīsla, hvizsla
    • Old Danish: hwīslæ
      • Danish: hvisle
    • Elfdalian: wissla
    • Scanian: hvysla