Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kīkaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Unknown. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ikos, related to Proto-Italic *kaikos, in which case it would be a doublet of *haihaz (“one-eyed”); (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) this is formally problematic, however. Alternatively suggested to be sound-symbolic.[1]
Perhaps related to German gucken (“to watch, look”), but this word is itself of obscure origin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkiː.kɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*kīkaną(West Germanic)
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *kīkō | *kīkaų | — | *kīkai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *kīkizi | *kīkaiz | *kīk | *kīkazai | *kīkaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *kīkidi | *kīkai | *kīkadau | *kīkadai | *kīkaidau | |
| 1st dual | *kīkōz | *kīkaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *kīkadiz | *kīkaidiz | *kīkadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *kīkamaz | *kīkaim | — | *kīkandai | *kīkaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *kīkid | *kīkaid | *kīkid | *kīkandai | *kīkaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *kīkandi | *kīkain | *kīkandau | *kīkandai | *kīkaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *kaik | *kikį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *kaiht | *kikīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *kaik | *kikī | ||||
| 1st dual | *kikū | *kikīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *kikudiz | *kikīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *kikum | *kikīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *kikud | *kikīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *kikun | *kikīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *kīkandz | *kikanaz | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *kīkan
- ⇒ Old Frisian: *kīkia
- West Frisian: kytse
- Saterland Frisian: kiekje
- Old Saxon: kīkan
- Middle Low German: kîken
- Low German: kieken
- → Dutch: kieken
- Plautdietsch: kjikjen
- → Middle English: kiken, keken, kyken
- → German: kieken
- → Icelandic: kíkja
- → Faroese: kika
- → Norn: kika
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: kika, kikka
- → Norwegian Bokmål: kike
- → Swedish: kika
- → Finnish: tsiigata
- → Danish: kigge, kikke, kige (dialect)
- Norwegian Bokmål: kikke
- → Gutnish: keike, keik', keika
- Low German: kieken
- Middle Low German: kîken
- Old Dutch: *kīcan
- ⇒ Old Frisian: *kīkia
- → Estonian: (possibly via Middle Low German) kiikama
References
- ^ Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “kieken”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN