Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kukkaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Likely from original n-stem *keukô ~ *kukkaz.^[1]^[2]^[3] Ultimately of imitative origin,^[4] similar to Sanskrit कुक्कुट (kukkuṭa, “rooster”), Proto-Slavic *kokošь (“hen”). Some sources believe the Germanic forms to be borrowed from Late Latin coccus rather than the other way around.^[5]^[6]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkuk.kɑz/

Noun

*kukkaz m^[4]

cock, rooster, chicken
Synonym: *hanô

Inflection

Declension of *kukkaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kukkaz	kukkōz, kukkōs
vocative	*kukk	kukkōz, kukkōs
accusative	*kukką	*kukkanz
genitive	kukkas, kukkis	*kukkǫ̂
dative	*kukkai	*kukkamaz
instrumental	*kukkō	*kukkamiz

Related terms

*kiukīną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *kokk
- Old English: cocc, coc
  - Middle English: cok, cock, cocke, coke, cokke, cooke, koc, kok
    - English: cock
    - Scots: cock, cok
    - Yola: cuck
- Old Dutch: *cocc
  - Middle Dutch: cocke
    - Dutch: kok
- → Late Latin: coccus
  - Old French: coc (see there for further descendants)
Old Norse: kokkr
- Icelandic: kokkur
- Middle Norwegian: kúkr
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: kuk, kukk
  - Norwegian Bokmål: kuk, kukk
- Danish: kok
- → Northern Sami: kuk
- Swedish: kuk
  - → Norwegian Bokmål: kuk, kukk
  - → Norwegian Nynorsk: kuk, kukk
→ Proto-Finnic: *kukkoi (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Hellquist, Elof (1922) “kyckling”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎^[1] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 380
^ Torp, Alf (1919) “Kjukling”, in Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok, Oslo: H. Aschehoug and Co. (W. Nygaard), page 276
^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Küken”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 417
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*kukkaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 223
^ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Proto-Germanic/kukkaz”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.
^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “kok2”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

[1] Hellquist, Elof (1922) “kyckling”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎^[1] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 380

[2] Torp, Alf (1919) “Kjukling”, in Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok, Oslo: H. Aschehoug and Co. (W. Nygaard), page 276

[3] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Küken”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 417

[HGE-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*kukkaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 223

[5] James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Proto-Germanic/kukkaz”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.

[6] van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “kok2”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

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