Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laiþāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *laiþaz (“loathsome”) +‎ *-āną.

Verb

*laiþāną

  1. to loathe, to detest, to revile

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *laiþō ? — ? ?
2nd singular *laiþaisi ? *laiþai *laiþāsai ?
3rd singular *laiþaiþi ? *laiþāþau *laiþāþai ?
1st dual *laiþōs ? — — —
2nd dual *laiþāþiz ? *laiþāþiz — —
1st plural *laiþāmaz ? — *laiþānþai ?
2nd plural *laiþaiþ ? *laiþaiþ *laiþānþai ?
3rd plural *laiþānþi ? *laiþānþau *laiþānþai ?
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *laiþadǭ *laiþadēdį̄
2nd singular *laiþadēz *laiþadēdīz
3rd singular *laiþadē *laiþadēdī
1st dual *laiþadēdū *laiþadēdīw
2nd dual *laiþadēdudiz *laiþadēdīdiz
1st plural *laiþadēdum *laiþadēdīm
2nd plural *laiþadēdud *laiþadēdīd
3rd plural *laiþadēdun *laiþadēdīn
present past
participles *laiþāndz *laiþadaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *laiþēn
    • Old English: lāþian
    • Old Saxon: lēthōn
    • Old Dutch: *lēthon
    • Old High German: leidēn, leidōn
  • Old Norse: leiða, leiðask
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