Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/liþōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈli.θɔː.nɑ̃/

Etymology 1

Likely from *liþuz (joint, limb) +‎ *-ōną.

Verb

*liþōną

  1. to cut, divide, dissect
  2. to bend
  3. to organize, to put in order
Inflection
Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *liþō *liþǭ *liþōi ?
2nd singular *liþōsi *liþōs *liþō *liþōsai *liþōsau
3rd singular *liþōþi *liþō *liþōþau *liþōþai *liþōþau
1st dual *liþōs *liþōw
2nd dual *liþōþiz *liþōþiz *liþōþiz
1st plural *liþōmaz *liþōm *liþōnþai *liþōnþau
2nd plural *liþōþ *liþōþ *liþōþ *liþōnþai *liþōnþau
3rd plural *liþōnþi *liþōn *liþōnþau *liþōnþai *liþōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *liþōdǭ *liþōdēdį̄
2nd singular *liþōdēz *liþōdēdīz
3rd singular *liþōdē *liþōdēdī
1st dual *liþōdēdū *liþōdēdīw
2nd dual *liþōdēdudiz *liþōdēdīdiz
1st plural *liþōdēdum *liþōdēdīm
2nd plural *liþōdēdud *liþōdēdīd
3rd plural *liþōdēdun *liþōdēdīn
present past
participles *liþōndz *liþōdaz
Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *liþōn
    • Old English: lioþian
    • Old Frisian: *lethia
      • Old Frisian: oflethinge
    • Old High German: lidōn
      • Middle High German: liden
  • Old Norse: liða

Etymology 2

Closely related to the strong verb *līþaną (to go, pass).

Verb

*liþōną

  1. to lead, go
  2. to endure, suffer
Inflection
Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *liþō *liþǭ *liþōi ?
2nd singular *liþōsi *liþōs *liþō *liþōsai *liþōsau
3rd singular *liþōþi *liþō *liþōþau *liþōþai *liþōþau
1st dual *liþōs *liþōw
2nd dual *liþōþiz *liþōþiz *liþōþiz
1st plural *liþōmaz *liþōm *liþōnþai *liþōnþau
2nd plural *liþōþ *liþōþ *liþōþ *liþōnþai *liþōnþau
3rd plural *liþōnþi *liþōn *liþōnþau *liþōnþai *liþōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *liþōdǭ *liþōdēdį̄
2nd singular *liþōdēz *liþōdēdīz
3rd singular *liþōdē *liþōdēdī
1st dual *liþōdēdū *liþōdēdīw
2nd dual *liþōdēdudiz *liþōdēdīdiz
1st plural *liþōdēdum *liþōdēdīm
2nd plural *liþōdēdud *liþōdēdīd
3rd plural *liþōdēdun *liþōdēdīn
present past
participles *liþōndz *liþōdaz
Descendants