Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/missaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *mith₂-tó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to change, exchange”). Equivalent to *mīþaną (“to avoid, evade”) +‎ *-þaz.[1][2]

    Adjective

    *missaz

    1. wrong
    2. divergent

    Inflection

    Declension of *missaz (a-stem)
    Strong declension
    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *missaz *missō *missą, -atō *missai *missôz *missō
    accusative *missanǭ *missǭ *missą, -atō *missanz *missōz *missō
    genitive *missas, -is *missaizōz *missas, -is *missaizǫ̂ *missaizǫ̂ *missaizǫ̂
    dative *missammai *missaizōi *missammai *missaimaz *missaimaz *missaimaz
    instrumental *missanō *missaizō *missanō *missaimiz *missaimiz *missaimiz
    Weak declension
    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *missô *missǭ *missô *missaniz *missōniz *missōnō
    accusative *missanų *missōnų *missô *missanunz *missōnunz *missōnō
    genitive *missiniz *missōniz *missiniz *missanǫ̂ *missōnǫ̂ *missanǫ̂
    dative *missini *missōni *missini *missammaz *missōmaz *missammaz
    instrumental *missinē *missōnē *missinē *missammiz *missōmiz *missammiz

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Proto-West Germanic: *miss(ī)
      • Old Dutch: *mis
        • Middle Dutch: mis, mes (“wrong”)
          • Dutch: mis (“missed, off target”)
      • Old High German: missi (“different”)
        • Middle High German: mis
          • German: mis (dialectal)
    • Old Norse: miss (“wrong”)
      • ⇒? Old Norse: ýmiss (“various”) (with unclear ý-)
    • Gothic: *𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃 (*miss)

    References

    1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*missaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 272
    2. ^ Heidermanns, Frank (1993) “*missa-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen Primäradjektive (Studia linguistica Germanica; 33) (in German), Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 413
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