Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stōraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-u-ro-s (“large, big, thick; old”), from *steh₂- (“to stand up”). Cognate with Sanskrit स्थूर (sthūrá, “big, strong, thick, massy”), Old Armenian ստուար (stuar, “fat”),^[1] Proto-Slavic *starъ (“old”), Lithuanian stóras (“thick”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstɔː.rɑz/

Adjective

*stōraz

big, large
strong

Inflection

Declension of *stōraz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*stōraz	*stōrō	*stōrą, -atō	*stōrai	*stōrôz	*stōrō
accusative	*stōranǭ	*stōrǭ	*stōrą, -atō	*stōranz	*stōrōz	*stōrō
genitive	*stōras, -is	*stōraizōz	*stōras, -is	*stōraizǫ̂	*stōraizǫ̂	*stōraizǫ̂
dative	*stōrammai	*stōraizōi	*stōrammai	*stōraimaz	*stōraimaz	*stōraimaz
instrumental	*stōranō	*stōraizō	*stōranō	*stōraimiz	*stōraimiz	*stōraimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*stōrô	*stōrǭ	*stōrô	*stōraniz	*stōrōniz	*stōrōnō
accusative	*stōranų	*stōrōnų	*stōrô	*stōranunz	*stōrōnunz	*stōrōnō
genitive	*stōriniz	*stōrōniz	*stōriniz	*stōranǫ̂	*stōrōnǫ̂	*stōranǫ̂
dative	*stōrini	*stōrōni	*stōrini	*stōrammaz	*stōrōmaz	*stōrammaz
instrumental	*stōrinē	*stōrōnē	*stōrinē	*stōrammiz	*stōrōmiz	*stōrammiz

Related terms

*stauraz
*stūraz

Derived terms

*stōriþō
*stōrijaz
*stōrijaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *stōr, *stōrī
- Old English: stōr
  - Middle English: store, stoor, stour; (stur?)
    - Scots: stour, stoure, sture, stoor, stoar
    - English: stoor, stour
- Old Frisian: stōr
  - Saterland Frisian: stor
  - West Frisian: stoer
- Old Saxon: stōri
- Old High German: stūr, stūri, stiuri
Old Norse: stórr
- Icelandic: stór
- Faroese: stórur
- Norn: stur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: stor; (dialectal) stór’u, stór’e
- Elfdalian: stur
- Old Swedish: stōr, stur
  - Swedish: stor
- Danish: stor
  - Norwegian Bokmål: stor
- Gutnish: stäur
→ Proto-Samic: *stuorēs (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*stōra- ~ *stura-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 482

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*stōra- ~ *stura-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 482

[1]