Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱóymos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From o-grade of the root *ḱey- (“to settle”) +‎ *-mos.

Adjective

*ḱóymos^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

homely, kin

Noun

*ḱóymos

village, home

Declension

Thematic
	masculine	feminine
nominative	*ḱóymos	*ḱóymeh₂
genitive	*ḱóymosyo	*ḱóymeh₂s
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ḱóymos	*ḱóymoh₁	*ḱóymoes
vocative	*ḱóyme	*ḱóymoh₁	*ḱóymoes
accusative	*ḱóymom	*ḱóymoh₁	*ḱóymoms
genitive	*ḱóymosyo	*?	*ḱóymoHom
ablative	*ḱóymead	*?	ḱóymomos, ḱóymobʰos
dative	*ḱóymoey	*?	ḱóymomos, ḱóymobʰos
locative	ḱóymey, ḱóymoy	*?	*ḱóymoysu
instrumental	*ḱóymoh₁	*?	*ḱóymōys
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ḱóymeh₂	*ḱóymeh₂h₁(e)	*ḱóymeh₂es
vocative	*ḱóymeh₂	*ḱóymeh₂h₁(e)	*ḱóymeh₂es
accusative	*ḱóymām	*ḱóymeh₂h₁(e)	*ḱóymeh₂m̥s
genitive	*ḱóymeh₂s	*?	*ḱóymeh₂oHom
ablative	*ḱóymeh₂s	*?	ḱóymeh₂mos, ḱóymeh₂bʰos
dative	*ḱóymeh₂ey	*?	ḱóymeh₂mos, ḱóymeh₂bʰos
locative	ḱóymeh₂, ḱóymeh₂i	*?	*ḱóymeh₂su
instrumental	*ḱóymeh₂h₁	*?	ḱóymeh₂mis, ḱóymeh₂bʰis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ḱóymom	*ḱóymoy(h₁)	*ḱóymeh₂
vocative	*ḱóymom	*ḱóymoy(h₁)	*ḱóymeh₂
accusative	*ḱóymom	*ḱóymoy(h₁)	*ḱóymeh₂
genitive	*ḱóymosyo	*?	*ḱóymoHom
ablative	*ḱóymead	*?	ḱóymomos, ḱóymobʰos
dative	*ḱóymoey	*?	ḱóymomos, ḱóymobʰos
locative	ḱóymey, ḱóymoy	*?	*ḱóymoysu
instrumental	*ḱóymoh₁	*?	*ḱóymōys

Alternative reconstructions

*tḱóymos^{[note 1]}

Descendants

Balto-Slavic:
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *šáimas
  - Latvian: sàime
  - Lithuanian: šeimà, šeimė, šei̇̃mas
  - Proto-Slavic: *sěmь (see there for further descendants)
  - → Proto-Finnic: *haimo (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *káimas (possibly borrowed from a centum language)
  - Latvian: cìems
  - Lithuanian: kiẽmas
  - Old Prussian: caymis
  - → Proto-Finnic: *kaima (see there for further descendants)
  - → Proto-Samic: *kuojmē (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *koimos (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *haimaz (or from *tḱóymos) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *kóimos
- ⇒ Ancient Greek: κοιμάω (koimáō) (denominative)
  - Greek: κοιμάμαι (koimámai), κοιμούμαι (koimoúmai)
    - → Russian: кима́ть (kimátʹ)
      - → Polish: kimać
  - Greek: εκοιμήθη (ekoimíthi)

Notes

^ With *tḱey- as the root, including Sanskrit क्षेम (kṣéma) and excluding Ancient Greek κοιμάω (koimáō).

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “kiemas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 243-244
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*koymo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 220
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kaima-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κεῖμαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 663-664

[5] With *tḱey- as the root, including Sanskrit क्षेम (kṣéma) and excluding Ancient Greek κοιμάω (koimáō).

[1] Derksen, Rick (2015) “kiemas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 243-244

[2] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*koymo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 220

[3] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kaima-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201

[4] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κεῖμαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 663-664

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[note 1]