Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃rḗǵs

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    From *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten; to righten”) +‎ *-s (root nominal suffix).

    Noun

    *h₃rḗǵs m (oblique stem *h₃réǵ-)[1][2]

    1. king, ruler

    Inflection

    Athematic, acrostatic
    singular
    nominative *h₃rḗǵs
    genitive *h₃réǵs
    singular dual plural
    nominative *h₃rḗǵs *h₃réǵh₁(e) *h₃réǵes
    vocative *h₃réǵ *h₃réǵh₁(e) *h₃réǵes
    accusative *h₃réǵm̥ *h₃réǵh₁(e) *h₃réǵm̥s
    genitive *h₃réǵs *? *h₃réǵoHom
    ablative *h₃réǵs *? *h₃réǵmos, *h₃réǵbʰos
    dative *h₃réǵey *? *h₃réǵmos, *h₃réǵbʰos
    locative *h₃réǵ, *h₃réǵi *? *h₃réǵsu
    instrumental *h₃réǵh₁ *? *h₃réǵmis, *h₃réǵbʰis

    Derived terms

    • *h₃reǵ-ō
      • Proto-Germanic: *rekô (see there for further descendants)
    • *h₃réǵ-os
      • Proto-Germanic: *rekaz (see there for further descendants)
    • *h₃réǵ-i-s
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrẚȷ́iš
        • Proto-Iranian: *Hrẚȷ́iš
          • Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬘𐬌 (raji)
    • *h₃rḗǵ-o-s
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ȷ́as
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́as
    • *h₃rḗǵ-ō
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́ā
        • Sanskrit: राजन् (rā́ȷ́an) (see there for further descendants)
    • *h₃rḗǵ-r̥ ~ *h₃rēǵ-én-s
      • *Hrā́ȷ́r̥
        • Proto-Iranian: *Hrā́jr̥
          • Avestan: 𐬭𐬁𐬰𐬀𐬭 (rāzar, “rule, direction”)
    • *h₃rḗǵ-yom
      • Proto-Celtic: *rīgyom (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ȷ́yam
    • *h₃rḗǵ-yo-s
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ȷ́yas
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́yas

    Descendants

    • Proto-Celtic: *rīxs (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ćš (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *rēks (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
    2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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