Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃roǵós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten”) +‎ *-ós (deverbal adjective suffix).

Adjective

*h₃roǵós[1]

  1. stretching out
  2. stretched out
  3. erected

Inflection

Thematic
masculine feminine
nominative *h₃roǵós *h₃roǵéh₂
genitive *h₃roǵósyo *h₃roǵéh₂s
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *h₃roǵós *h₃roǵóh₁ *h₃roǵóes
vocative *h₃roǵé *h₃roǵóh₁ *h₃roǵóes
accusative *h₃roǵóm *h₃roǵóh₁ *h₃roǵóms
genitive *h₃roǵósyo *? *h₃roǵóHom
ablative *h₃roǵéad *? *h₃roǵómos, *h₃roǵóbʰos
dative *h₃roǵóey *? *h₃roǵómos, *h₃roǵóbʰos
locative *h₃roǵéy, *h₃roǵóy *? *h₃roǵóysu
instrumental *h₃roǵóh₁ *? *h₃roǵṓys
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *h₃roǵéh₂ *h₃roǵéh₂h₁(e) *h₃roǵéh₂es
vocative *h₃roǵéh₂ *h₃roǵéh₂h₁(e) *h₃roǵéh₂es
accusative *h₃roǵā́m *h₃roǵéh₂h₁(e) *h₃roǵéh₂m̥s
genitive *h₃roǵéh₂s *? *h₃roǵéh₂oHom
ablative *h₃roǵéh₂s *? *h₃roǵéh₂mos, *h₃roǵéh₂bʰos
dative *h₃roǵéh₂ey *? *h₃roǵéh₂mos, *h₃roǵéh₂bʰos
locative *h₃roǵéh₂, *h₃roǵéh₂i *? *h₃roǵéh₂su
instrumental *h₃roǵéh₂h₁ *? *h₃roǵéh₂mis, *h₃roǵéh₂bʰis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *h₃roǵóm *h₃roǵóy(h₁) *h₃roǵéh₂
vocative *h₃roǵóm *h₃roǵóy(h₁) *h₃roǵéh₂
accusative *h₃roǵóm *h₃roǵóy(h₁) *h₃roǵéh₂
genitive *h₃roǵósyo *? *h₃roǵóHom
ablative *h₃roǵéad *? *h₃roǵómos, *h₃roǵóbʰos
dative *h₃roǵóey *? *h₃roǵómos, *h₃roǵóbʰos
locative *h₃roǵéy, *h₃roǵóy *? *h₃roǵóysu
instrumental *h₃roǵóh₁ *? *h₃roǵṓys

Descendants

  • Proto-Germanic: *rakaz (“straight”) (with Verner's law reverted by analogy?)
    • Proto-West Germanic: *rak
      • Middle Low German: rak
    • Old Norse: rakr
  • Proto-Italic: *rogos
    • Latin: rogus (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Latin: rogō[2] (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Nussbaum, Alan (2017) “Agentive and Other Derivatives of “τόμος-Type” Nouns”, in Claire Le Feuvre, Daniel Petit and Georges-Jean Pinault, editors, Verbal Adjectives and Participles in Indo-European Languages. Proceedings of the Arbeitstagung of the Indo-European Society, Paris, 24–26 September 2014, Bremen: Hempen, pages 240-241
  2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 526
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