Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/me

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Adverb

    *me[1]

    1. in the middle of, near, by, around, with

    Derived terms

    • *mé-dʰi (“with, among”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *m̥-dʰi
      • Sanskrit: अधि (ádhi) (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
    • *me-th₂
      • Proto-Hellenic:
      • >? Proto-Germanic: *miþ(i)
      • >? Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • *mé-ǵʰ(s)r-i (with root *ǵʰes-)
      • Proto-Albanian: *a/N(e)dri[2]
      • Proto-Armenian: *merji[3]
      • Proto-Hellenic:
    • ? *m̥-ǵʰ(s)ri (with root *ǵʰes-) (or with prefixed *h₂éd instead[4])
      • Proto-Hellenic:
    • (possibly) *-mé (1pl. ending)[1]
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ma (secondary 1pl. ending)
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ma
          • Sanskrit: -म (-ma)
        • Proto-Iranian:
          • Avestan:
            Old Avestan: 𐬨𐬁 (mā)
            Younger Avestan: 𐬨𐬀 (ma)
          • Old Persian: [Term?] (/⁠-mā⁠/)
      • ⇒ *-mé-dʰh₂ (middle 1pl. ending)
        • Proto-Hellenic:
          • Ancient Greek: -μεθα (-metha)
        • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-madʰi
          • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
            • Sanskrit: -महि (-mahi)
          • Proto-Iranian: *-madi
            • Avestan: -𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬛𐬌 (-maidi), -𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬛𐬍 (-maidī)
          • ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-madʰay (primary ending)
            • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
              • Sanskrit: -महे (-mahe)
            • Proto-Iranian: *-maday
              • Avestan: -𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬛𐬈 (-maide), -𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬛𐬉 (-maidē)
        • Proto-Tocharian:
          • Tocharian A: -mt(t)e (secondary ending), -ämtär (primary ending)
      • ⇒ *-mé-s, *-mós
        • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
          • Proto-Slavic: *-mъ (see there for further descendants)
        • Proto-Hellenic:
          • Ancient Greek: -μες (-mes)
        • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-mas
          • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-mas
            • Sanskrit: -मस् (-mas)
        • Proto-Italic:
    Unsorted formations
    • Tocharian B: mpa

    Descendants

    • >? Proto-Albanian:
      • Albanian: me (“with”) (or reduced from mjet[5] or borrowed from Greek με (me)[1])
    • Phrygian: με (me)

    See also

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Dunkel, George E. (2014) “*mé 'inmitten, einschliesslich; mit'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, pages 494-501
    2. ^ Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 259
    3. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “merj”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 465
    4. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 12
    5. ^ Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) “(ndër)mjet”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎[2] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi

    Further reading

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