Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tépos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *tep- (“be warm, be hot”) +‎ *-os.

Noun

*tépos n (oblique stem *tépes-)

heat, warmth

Inflection

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular
nominative	*tépos
genitive	*tépesos
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tépos	*tépesih₁	*tépōs
vocative	*tépos	*tépesih₁	*tépōs
accusative	*tépos	*tépesih₁	*tépōs
genitive	*tépesos	*?	*tépesoHom
ablative	*tépesos	*?	tépesmos, tépesbʰos
dative	*tépesey	*?	tépesmos, tépesbʰos
locative	tépes, tépesi	*?	*tépesu
instrumental	*tépesh₁	*?	tépesmis, tépesbʰis

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tápas
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tápas
  - Sanskrit: तपस् (tápas)
- Proto-Iranian: *tapah-^[1] ~ *tāpah-^[2]
  - Kurdish:
    - Northern Kurdish: ta (“fever”)
  - Middle Persian:
    Book Pahlavi: tp (tab, “fever”)
    - Persian: تاب (tâb), تب (tab)
    - Northern Luri: تۋ (tü)
  - → Old Armenian: տապ (tap)
    - → Armenian: տապ (tap) (learned)
(perhaps) Italic: *tepos
- Latin: tepor
*teps-ró-m
- Proto-Italic: *tepsrom
  - Oscan: 𐌕𐌄𐌚𐌞𐌓𐌞𐌌 (tefúrúm)
  - Umbrian: tefruto (abl. sg. with postposition), 𐌕𐌄𐌚𐌓𐌀 (tefra, acc. pl.)
*tep(e)s-mi-^[3]
- Proto-Celtic: *teɸesmis
  - Welsh: twym
- Proto-Celtic: *teɸsmiyā
  - Old Irish: timme

References

^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 912
^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 301
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*tefesmi-, *tefnet-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 375

[Olsen-1] Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 912

[ESIJa-2] Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 301

[Matasovic-3] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*tefesmi-, *tefnet-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 375

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