Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ʰā́rd

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr (“heart”), with unexplained voicing and aspiration of the initial consonant.

    Noun

    *ȷ́ʰā́rd ~ *ȷ́ʰr̥dás n[1]

    1. heart
      Synonym: *ȷ́ʰŕ̥dayam

    Inflection

    neuter consonant stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative *ȷ́ʰā́rd *ȷ́ʰárdiH *ȷ́ʰárdi
    vocative *ȷ́ʰā́rd *ȷ́ʰárdiH *ȷ́ʰárdi
    accusative *ȷ́ʰā́rd *ȷ́ʰárdiH *ȷ́ʰárdi
    instrumental *ȷ́ʰr̥dáH *ȷ́ʰr̥dbʰyā́(m) *ȷ́ʰr̥dbʰíš
    ablative *ȷ́ʰr̥dás *ȷ́ʰr̥dbʰyā́(m) *ȷ́ʰr̥dbʰyáH
    dative *ȷ́ʰr̥dáy *ȷ́ʰr̥dbʰyā́(m) *ȷ́ʰr̥dbʰyáH
    genitive *ȷ́ʰr̥dás *ȷ́ʰr̥dHā́s *ȷ́ʰr̥dáHam
    locative *ȷ́ʰárd(i) *ȷ́ʰr̥dHáw *ȷ́ʰr̥tsú

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
      • Vedic Sanskrit: हार्दि (hārdi) (from the strong cases), हृद् (hṛd) (from the weak cases)
    • Proto-Iranian: *jā́rd (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2015) “Suppletive Phenomena in Older Indo-Iranian Noun Inflection”, in Diachrony and Suppletion‎[1], Prague
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