Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hā́ps

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓp-s ~ *h₂ép-s, from *h₂ep-.

Noun

*Hā́ps f^[1]^[2]

water

Inflection

consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hā́ps	*Hā́pā(w)	*Hā́pas
vocative	*Háp	*Hā́pā(w)	*Hā́pas
accusative	*Hā́pam	*Hā́pā(w)	*Hapás
instrumental	*HapáH	*Habbʰyā́(m)	*Habbʰíš
ablative	*Hapás	*Habbʰyā́(m)	*HabbʰyáH
dative	*Hapáy	*Habbʰyā́(m)	*HabbʰyáH
genitive	*Hapás	*HapHā́s	*HapáHam
locative	*Hápi	*HapHáw	*Hapsú

Derived terms

*dwi-Hp-ás (“island”, literally “double-watered”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dwiHpás, *dwiHpám
  - Sanskrit: द्वीप (dvīpá)
*(H)ánu-Hp-ás (“pond”)
- Sanskrit: अनूप (anūpá)
*HapáHam Nápāts
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: अपां नपात् (apāṃ napāt)
- Proto-Iranian:
  - Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬄𐬨 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬙𐬆𐬨 (apąm napātəm, acc. sg.)

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hā́ps, *Hā́pas (nom.pl.)
- Sanskrit: अप् (áp), आपः (ā́paḥ, nom.pl) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *Hā́fš (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Nuristani: *āpa (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Skjærvø, Prods Oktor (2017) “Avestan and Old Persian Morphology”, in Kaye, Alan S., editor, Morphologies of Asia and Africa‎^[1], Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, page 864
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “áp-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[1] Skjærvø, Prods Oktor (2017) “Avestan and Old Persian Morphology”, in Kaye, Alan S., editor, Morphologies of Asia and Africa‎^[1], Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, page 864

[2] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “áp-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[1]

[2]