Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ní

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ní.

Adverb

*ní[1]

  1. down, downwards
  2. in, into
  3. engrave, inscribe

Derived terms

  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *nīcás
    • Sanskrit: नीच (nīcá, “low”)
    • Avestan: 𐬥𐬍𐬱 (nīš, “without”), 𐬥𐬍𐬲 (nīž)

Descendants

  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ní
  • Proto-Iranian: *ní
    • Central Iranian:
      • Avestan:
        Old Avestan: 𐬥𐬍 (nī)
        Younger Avestan: 𐬥𐬌 (ni)
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Khotanese: ni-, nä-
      • Sogdian: [script needed] (n-) (in [script needed] (npys-, “to write down”))
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Northern Kurdish: ni- (eg. in nivistin (“to sleep”))
      • Parthian: n-
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Old Persian: 𐎴 (ni) (in 𐎴-𐎱𐎮𐎹 (ni-padiy, “on the trail of”))
        • Middle Persian: n- (ni)
          • Persian: ن- (ne) (eg. in نشستن (nešastan, “to sit”))
  • Proto-Nuristani:[2]
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:
        Kamviri: ni
        Kativiri: ni
      • Prasuni: n- (“downriver”)

References

  1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  2. ^ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “ni”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎[1]
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