Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/túH

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun

*túH[1][2]

  1. you, thou

Inflection

Inflection of *túH
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *túH *yuHám *yúHš
Vocative — — —
Accusative *twaHám *yuwá *ušmá
Instrumental *twáH *yuwáH *ušmáH
Dative *tábʰya *yuwábʰya *ušmábʰya
Ablative *twád *yuwád *ušmád
Genitive *táwa *yuwáHkam ? *ušmáHkam
Locative *twáyi *yuwáy *ušmáy

Descendants

  • >? Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  • Proto-Iranian: *túH
    • Avestan: 𐬙𐬏 (tū)
    • Ossetian: ды (dy)
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (thu)
    • Northern Kurdish: tu
    • Persian: تو (to, tu)
    • Pashto: ته (të)
  • Proto-Nuristani:
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:
        Kamviri: tǘ
        Kativiri: tiú
      • Prasuni: üyú, ǘo
    • Southern Nuristani:

References

  1. ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2017–2018) “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The morphology of Indo-Iranian, page 1904
  2. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 806
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