Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/HaHcúkah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *HaHcúš (“fast, quick”) +‎ *-kah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HaHćúš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁o-h₁ḱ-ú-s.[1][2] Cognate with Sanskrit आशु (āśú, “fast, quick”), Ancient Greek ὠκύς (ōkús, “fast, swiff”), Latin ōcior (“swifter”), Proto-Celtic *dīākos (“lazy, unswift”) (whence Old Welsh diauc).[3][4]

Noun

*HaHcúkah[5][6][1][2]

  1. deer, gazelle, chamois

Inflection

masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *HaHcúkah *HaHcúkā(w) *HaHcúkāh(ah)
vocative *HaHcúka *HaHcúkā(w) *HaHcúkāh(ah)
accusative *HaHcúkam *HaHcúkā(w) *HaHcúkānh
instrumental *HaHcúkaH *HaHcúkaybʰyā(m) *HaHcúkāyš
ablative *HaHcúkāt *HaHcúkaybʰyā(m) *HaHcúkaybʰyah
dative *HaHcúkāy *HaHcúkaybʰyā(m) *HaHcúkaybʰyah
genitive *HaHcúkahya *HaHcúkayāh *HaHcúkānaHam
locative *HaHcúkay *HaHcúkayaw *HaHcúkayšu

Descendants

  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (āskä, “deer”)
      • Wakhi: [script needed] (yukṣ̌, “mountain-goat”) (< earlier *yušk[5])
        • → Khwarezmian: [script needed] (hʾkš)
        • → Sarikoli: [script needed] (yax̌, “wild goat”)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ʾsk, “antelope”), [script needed] (ʾskʾn, “hind”)
      • Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾʾsʾwkʾ /⁠āsūk⁠/, “gazelle”)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Pashto: اوسی (osáy), هوسى m (hosáy, “gazelle”), اوسۍ f (osë́y), هوسۍ (hosë́y), ووسۍ (wosë́y), وسۍ (wusë́y, “gazelle”) (< *HaHcukiH[5])
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: [script needed] (āsk)
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: ئاسک (ask, “gazelle”)
      Northern Kurdish: ask (“gazelle”)
    • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: ئاسک (āsk), Gurani: ئاسکە (āska, “gazelle”)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: [script needed] (*āθuka, “gazelle, chamois”)
      • Middle Persian: (/⁠āhūk/, /āhūg⁠/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫍𐫇𐫃 (ʾhwg), 𐫀𐫀𐫍𐫇𐫃 (ʾʾhwg)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾhwkʾ)
        • Bakhtiari: [script needed] (ā̊hī)
        • Classical Persian: آهو (āhū)
          • → Gujarati: આહૂ (āhū)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “āśú-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “*āśu-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 179-180
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page ὠκύς of 1677-1678
  4. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ōcior”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 424
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*āśu-ka-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 315-316
  6. ^ Hinz, Walther (1975) “*āçauka-”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎[2] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 21
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