Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/tr̥práh
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tr̥prás (perhaps whence Sanskrit तृप्र (tṛprá, “soma?, juice of the soma plant”)), from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥p-ró-s (“to congeal; to curdle”), from *terp- (“to congeal; to curdle”) (whence Latin torpeō (“to be stiff”)) + *-rós.
Noun
*tr̥práh[1]
- buttermilk, whey
- Synonyms: *dáwgah, *huxráh, *máHdah
Inflection
| masculine a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *tr̥fráh | *tr̥frā́(w) | *tr̥frā́h(ah) |
| vocative | *tŕ̥fra | *tŕ̥frā(w) | *tŕ̥frāh(ah) |
| accusative | *tr̥frám | *tr̥frā́(w) | *tr̥frā́nh |
| instrumental | *tr̥fráH | *tr̥fráybʰyā(m) | *tr̥frā́yš |
| ablative | *tr̥frā́t | *tr̥fráybʰyā(m) | *tr̥fráybʰyah |
| dative | *tr̥frā́y | *tr̥fráybʰyā(m) | *tr̥fráybʰyah |
| genitive | *tr̥fráhya | *tr̥fráyāh | *tr̥frā́naHam |
| locative | *tr̥fráy | *tr̥fráyaw | *tr̥fráyšu |
Related terms
- *tr̥fšah (“sour, acidic”)
Descendants
- Parthian: 𐫤𐫜𐫡 (tfr /tafr/, “type of cheese”)
- Classical Persian: ترپک (tarpak), ترپه (tarpe), ترپ (tarp, “qurut, kashk”)
- Iranian Persian: ترف (tarf)
- → Arabic: طربق (ṭarbaq)
- >? Ormuri: [script needed] (tọ̄pī, “buttermilk, whey”)
- >? Pashto: تریو m (tríw), [script needed] (tərwa), [script needed] f (trawa, “buttermilk, type of sour cheese; sour”) (or < *tiwráh, cf. Sanskrit तीव्र (tīvrá, “strong, sharp, heavy, pungent”)[2])
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “tṛprá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 666
- ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “trix”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN