Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/tr̥fšah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Alternative forms

  • *tr̥špah (metathesized)[1][2]

Etymology

    Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tr̥psas, from Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to congeal; to curdle”), whence Lithuanian tirpstù, tir̃pti (“to coagulate, stiffen”), Latin torpeō (“to be stiff”), perhaps Proto-Germanic *þerbaz (“unleavened”).

    Adjective

    *tr̥fšah[2][3][4][5]

    1. sour, acidic

    Descendants

    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Wakhi: trəṣ̌p
      • Yagnobi: тишпа (tíšpa)
    • Southeastern Iranian:
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *təršp
        • Proto-Munji-Yidgha: *təršp
          • Munji: [script needed] (tᵊrəšpá)
          • Yidgha: [script needed] (trišp)
        • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *tux̌p
          • Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *tux̌p
            • Sarikoli: tыx̌p, tůx̌p
            • Shughni: тух̌п m (tux̌p), тах̌п f (tax̌p)
          • Yazghulami: тах̌п (tax̌p)
      • >? Ormuri: [script needed] (tōf)[6]
      • >? Pashto: تریو m (tríw), [script needed] (tərwa), [script needed] f (trawa, “sour; buttermilk”) (or < *tiwráh, cf. Sanskrit तीव्र (tīvrá, “strong, sharp, heavy, pungent”)[7])
        • →? Waneci: [script needed] (tərəw)[7][6]
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Baluchi: ترشپ (trušp)
      • Parthian:
        Manichaean script: 𐫎𐫡𐫏𐫜𐫢 (ṯryfš /⁠trifš⁠/)
      • Kurdish:
        Northern Kurdish: tirş
        Central Kurdish: تِرش (tirş)
      • Gilaki: ترش (turš)
      • Mazanderani: ترش (terš)
      • Zazaki: tirş
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Northern Luri: تؤرش (torš)
      • Middle Persian:
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (trwš /⁠truš⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (trwpš /⁠trufš⁠/)
        • Classical Persian: ترش (tur(u)š)
          Dari: ترش (tur(u)š)
          Iranian Persian: ترش (tor(o)š)
          Tajik: турш (turš), туруш (turuš)
          • → Pashto: تروش (trúš), ترش (tróš)
          • → Waneci: [script needed] (trūž)[8]
          • → Ishkashimi: [script needed] (trəš), [script needed] (tᵊrüš), [script needed] (tᵊruš), [script needed] (truš)[9]
          • → Sanglechi: [script needed] (tɛrəṣ̌)[9]
    • →? Russian: терпкий (terpkij)[10]

    References

    1. ^ Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) “trəṣ̌p”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN, page 360
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 67
    3. ^ The template Template:R:ira:LMPPW does not use the parameter(s): 
      1=tryfš
      Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.      Henning, W. (1937) “A List of Middle-Persian and Parthian Words”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London‎[1], volume 9, number 1, Cambridge University Press, →JSTOR, page 88
    4. ^ Asatrian, Garnik (2011) “tār²”, in A Comparative Vocabulary of Central Iranian Dialects‎[2] (in Persian), Tehran: Safir Ardehal Publications, page 387
    5. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “triw”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN
    6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (1973) “Chapter 11: Supplementary notes on Ormuri”, in Irano-Dardica (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 5), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
    7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “trix”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN
    8. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “trix”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN
    9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) “tɛ'rəṣ̌”, in Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 416
    10. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) “trɪšp”, in Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 256
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