Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ðō
Proto-Italic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁t, aorist of *dʰeh₁- (“to put”).[1]
Verb
*-ðō
- to put
Usage notes
Only found prefixed in Italic. It became homophones with dō (“to give”) in Latin by regular sound change, becoming conflated with it.
Conjugation
| Inflection of *-ðō (athematic) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *-ðō | |
| Perfect | *-ðeðai | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | *-ðatos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *-ðō | *-ðōr |
| 2nd sing. | *-ðas | *-ðazo |
| 3rd sing. | *-ðat | *-ðator |
| 1st plur. | *-ðamos | *-ðamor |
| 2nd plur. | *-ðates | — |
| 3rd plur. | *-ðent | *-ðentor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *-ðām | *-ðār |
| 2nd sing. | *-ðās | *-ðāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *-ðād | *-ðātor |
| 1st plur. | *-ðāmos | *-ðāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *-ðātes | — |
| 3rd plur. | *-ðānd | *-ðāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | *-ðeðai | |
| 2nd sing. | *-ðeðistai? | |
| 3rd sing. | *-ðeðei | |
| 1st plur. | *-ðeðme? | |
| 2nd plur. | *-ðeðe | |
| 3rd plur. | *-ðeðēri | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *-ða | *-ðazo |
| 2nd plur. | *-ðate | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *-ðatōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *-ðants | *-ðatos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *-ðatus | *-ðazi | |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Latin: -dō (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 175-176