Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/ək-

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Japonic

Etymology 1

Verb

*ək- (infinitive *əkəy)

to get up
Antonym: *wu (“to sit”)
to rise

Derived terms

*əkəs- (causative)
*ək-ə- (intransitive)

Descendants

Old Japanese: 起 (oku)
- Japanese: 起きる (okiru)
Proto-Ryukyuan: *oke
- Northern Ryukyuan:
  - Kikai: 起ぃゆい (uïyui, wïïyui)
  - Kunigami: 起き゚るん (fukirun)
  - Northern Amami Ōshima: 起るり (fïïruri)
  - Okinawan: 起きゆん (ukiyun)
  - Okinoerabu: 起いゆん (uiyun)
  - Southern Amami Ōshima: 起ひぃーゅむっ ('wïhïïyum)
  - Tokunoshima: 起いゆい (uiyui)
  - Yoron: 起いゆん (uiyun)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
  - Miyako: 起きㇲ゙ (ukiz)
  - Yaeyama: 起きるん (ukirun), 起きん (ukin)
  - Yonaguni: 起ぎるん (ugirun)

Etymology 2

Verb

*ək- (infinitive *əki)

to place something, to put something somewhere

Descendants

Old Japanese: 置, 措, 擱 (oku)
- Japanese: 置く, 措く, 擱く (oku)
Proto-Ryukyuan: *oki
- Northern Ryukyuan:
  - Kikai: 置ちゅい, 措ちゅい, 擱ちゅい (uchui)
  - Kunigami: 置ちゅん, 措ちゅん, 擱ちゅん (fuchun)
  - Northern Amami Ōshima: 置く゚り, 措く゚り, 擱く゚り (uxuri)
  - Okinawan: 置ちゅん, 措ちゅん, 擱ちゅん (uchun)
  - Okinoerabu: 置ちゅん, 措ちゅん, 擱ちゅん (uchun), 置ちゅちゅん, 措ちゅちゅん, 擱ちゅちゅん (uchuchun)
  - Tokunoshima: 置き, 措き, 擱き (uki)
  - Yoron: 置っきゅん, 措っきゅん, 擱っきゅん (ukkyun)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
  - Miyako: 置きぃ, 措きぃ, 擱きぃ (uksï)