Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/ŋə-

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction

Of disputed derivation; Mortensen presumes this to be a reduction of *ŋa (“I”),[1] while Lai thinks this was originally a denominal prefix.[2]

Prefix

*ŋə-

  1. Prefixed to base transitive verbs to form intransitive verbs; these derived verbs include passive, reflexive and reciprocal verbs.

Reconstruction notes

  • Do not confuse this prefix with the anticausative prefix *N-, although it probably was conflated with the anticausative prefix in Chinese (Zhang, Jacques and Lai 2019) and many other Sino-Tibetan languages.

Descendants

  • rGyalrongic
    • West rGyalrongic
      • Khroskyabs: ʁ-
    • rGyalrong
      • Japhug: a-
      • Situ: o- (Bragbar), ŋa- (Cogtse)
  • Kuki-Chin:
    • Southern Kuki-Chin:
  • Tangkhulic: *ŋə-

References

  1. ^ Mortensen, David (2003) Comparative Tangkhul‎[1], Berkeley: University of California, pages 24-25
  2. ^ Jacques, Guillaume (2021) “Antipassive derivations in Sino-Tibetan/Trans-Himalayan and their sources”, in Typological Studies in Language, volume 130, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 427–446
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