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This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan
Reconstruction
- Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *syid (Coblin, 1986)
- Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *səy (Matisoff, STEDT; French, 1983); *səy, *siy (Weidert, 1987; Chou, 1972); *siy = *səy (LaPolla, 1987); *siy (Benedict, 1972; Michailovsky, 1991); *syiy(?) (Coblin, 1986)
Chinese 屍 / 尸 (“corpse”) perhaps belongs here too.
Verb
*sij
- to die
Descendants
- Chinese: 死 (/*sijʔ/ (B-S); /*l̥jiʔ/ (ZS), “to die”) (see there for further descendants)
- Himalayish
- Tibeto-Kanauri
- Proto-Bodish: *si
- Tibetic
- Dzongkha: ཤི (shi)
- Sherpa: ཤི (shi)
- Sikkimese: ཤི (shi)
- Tibetan: འཆི ('chi) (present), ཤི (shi) (past)
- Dakpa-Dzala
- Dakpa: ཤི (shi /ɕi55/)
- Dzala: ཤི (shi)
- East Bodish
- Bumthangkha: སེ (se)
- Khengkha: སེ (se)
- Kurtöp: སེ (se)
- rGyalrongic
- West rGyalrongic
- Tangut: 𗈶 (*sjɨ¹, “to die”), 𗴨 (*sjɨ̣¹, “to die”)
- East rGyalrongic
- Japhug: si
- Situ: (ka)ʃi, -ʃu
- Tshobdun: set
- Naic
- Proto-Naish: *rsi
- Naxi: shee (/ʂɯ˧/)
- Narua: shi (/ʂɯ˧/)
- Laze: [Term?] (/sɯ˩/)
- Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *səj¹ (“to die”)
- Proto-Burmish: *ʃi
- Achang: shei
- Burmese: သေ (se, “to die”)
- Proto-Loloish: *ʃe² (“to die”)
- Northern Loloish
- Nuosu: ꌦ (sy, “to die; to extinguish, to smother”)
- Central Loloish
- Lisu: ꓫꓵꓺ (ʃɨ̱, “to die”)
- Lipo: 𖼳𖽡𖾐 (“to die”)
- Lolopo: si (“to die”)
- Boro-Garo
- Jingpho-Asakian
- Proto-Kuki-Chin: *thii, *thiʔ (“to die”)
- Central Chin
- Mizo: thi, thih (“to die”)
- Proto-Karen: *sejᴬ (Luangthongkum, 2013)
- S'gaw Karen: သံ (thee, “to die, to perish”)
- Pa'o Karen: သီ
- Western Pwo: ၥံၫ
- Western Kayah: ꤞꤛꤢꤩ꤭ (thyē)
- Tujia
- Northern Tujia: [Term?] (/siě35/)
- Southern Tujia: [Term?] (/sie33/)
- Pyu (Myanmar): hi
See also
- *g/b-sat (“to kill”)
- *sreŋ (“to live, alive, green, raw, to give birth”)