Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bykъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Unclear, but likely of onomatopoeic origin. Akin to Lithuanian bucêt (“to sound, to buzz”), Latvian bukti (“to moo”), bukas (“bittern”) and further to Welsh bugad (“lowing, bellowing”).
Comparable also to Proto-Turkic *buka (“bull”), Mongolian буга (buga, “reindeer”), Hungarian bika (“bull”).
Noun
Declension
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *bỹkъ | *bȳkà | *bȳcì |
genitive | *bȳkà | *bȳkù | *bỹkъ |
dative | *bȳkù | *bȳkòma | *bȳkòmъ |
accusative | *bỹkъ | *bȳkà | *bȳkỳ |
instrumental | *bȳkъ̀mь, *bȳkòmь* | *bȳkòma | *bỹky |
locative | *bȳcě̀ | *bȳkù | *bỹcěxъ |
vocative | *byče | *bȳkà | *bȳcì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *byčę (“bullock”)
- *byčina
- *byčьje (“bull-ralted”)
- *byčьkъ
- *bykovъ (“bovine”)
- *bykovica (“bulrush”)
- *bykovina (“bulrush”)
Related terms
- *bukati (“to thump, to moo”)
- *buxati (“to paddle”)
- *bučati (“to roar, to ramp”)
- *byčati (“to prick, to clatter”)
- *bykati (“to overthrow, to knock down”)
See also
- *bьčela (“bee”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- → Yiddish: ביק (bik)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бык”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “бык”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 128
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bykъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 147
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бик”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 47
References
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bykъ byka”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 167; PR 134; RPT 97, 101)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “bȉk”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*bykъ̏”