Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/godъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to gather, to join”).[1]

Cognate with Latvian gads (“year”), Latgalian gods (“year”), Proto-West Germanic *gad (“union”) and further related to Proto-West Germanic *gadur (“together”).

Noun

*gȍdъ m[1][2][3]

  1. suitable, right time
    Synonym: *doba
  2. holiday, festive season (in West Slavic)
  3. year (in East and South Slavic)

Alternative forms

Inflection

Declension of *gȍdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *gȍdъ *gȍda *gȍdi
genitive *gȍda *godù *gòdъ
dative *gȍdu *godomà *godòmъ
accusative *gȍdъ *gȍda *gȍdy
instrumental *gȍdъmь, *gȍdomь* *godomà *godý
locative *gȍdě *godù *godě̃xъ
vocative *gode *gȍda *gȍdi

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Slovene and dial. Bulgarian (e.g. о́т году до́ году (ót godu dó godu, “for auld lang syne”)) also show evidence for u-stem declension.

Derived terms

  • *godě (“suitably, contently”) (adverb)
  • *godina (“hour”)
  • *godežь (“gathering, matching”)
  • *sъgoda (“good, lucky occassion”)
  • *godìti (“to reconcile, to content”)

See also

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: годъ (godŭ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: годъ (godŭ)
      Glagolitic script: ⰳⱁⰴⱏ (godŭ)
    • Bulgarian: год (god), го́да (góda, “matchmaking”)
    • Macedonian: год (god)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: го̑д
      Latin script: gȏd
    • Slovene: gọ̑d
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: hod, hody
    • Kashubian: gòdë
    • Polish: god, gody
    • Slovak: hod
      • Hodi (oravské)
    • Sorbian:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “год”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “год”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 198
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*godъ / *goda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 191
  • Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “год”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “год”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 259

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gȏdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172: “m. o ‘right time’”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “godъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c tid, frist (PR 137; RPT 84ff.)”
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “god”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *gȍdъ (in *godъ̏)”
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