Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gora

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *garā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Noun

*gorà f[1][2]

  1. mountain
  2. hill
  3. any mountainous elevation (covered in forests)

Declension

Declension of *gorà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *gorà *gȍrě *gȍry
genitive *gorý *gorù *gòrъ
dative *gorě̀ *goràma *goràmъ
accusative *gȍrǫ *gȍrě *gȍry
instrumental *gorojǫ́ *goràma *goràmi
locative *gȍrě *gorù *goràsъ, *goràxъ*
vocative *goro *gȍrě *gȍry

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Derived terms

  • *gorakъ
  • *goraľь
  • *gorěn(in)ъ, *gorjan(in)ъ
  • *gorica
  • *gorьnъ
    • *gorьnakъ
    • *gorьnica
  • *gorьskъ
  • *gorovitъ
  • *gorunъ
  • *gorъka
  • *nagorьcь
  • *nagorьje
  • *nagorьnъ
    • *nagorьnikъ
  • *nagorъ
    • *nagorъka
  • *orzgorьje
  • *otъgorьnъ, *otъgorьnь

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: гора (gora)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: гора (gora)
      Glagolitic script: ⰳⱁⱃⰰ (gora)
    • Bulgarian: гора́ (gorá)
      • → Megleno-Romanian: goră
    • Macedonian: гора (gora)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: го̀ра
      Latin script: gòra
    • Slovene: góra (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “гора́”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 203
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gora”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 29
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гора́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gorà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 177: “f. ā (c) ‘mountain’”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gora gory”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b/c (SA 69f., 157); b* (PR 135, 138)”
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