Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьrpъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sírpas, from Proto-Indo-European *sers-. Cognate with Latvian sirpis, sìrps; Hittite 𒊬𒉺 (šarpa-, “farming tool”), Ancient Greek ἅρπη (hárpē, “sickle; bird of prey”), Latin sarpō (“to prune a vine”),^[1] Sanskrit सृणि (sṛṇi).

Noun

*sь̃rpъ or *sь̑rpъ m^[2]

sickle

Inflection

Declension of *sь̃rpъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sь̃rpъ	*sьrpà	*sьrpì
genitive	*sьrpà	*sьrpù	*sь̃rpъ
dative	*sьrpù	*sьrpòma	*sьrpòmъ
accusative	*sь̃rpъ	*sьrpà	*sьrpỳ
instrumental	sьrpъ̀mь, sьrpòmь^*	*sьrpòma	*sь̃rpy
locative	*sьrpě̀	*sьrpù	*sь̃rpěxъ
vocative	*sьrpe	*sьrpà	*sьrpì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Declension of *sь̑rpъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sь̑rpъ	*sь̑rpa	*sь̑rpi
genitive	*sь̑rpa	*sьrpù	*sь̃rpъ
dative	*sь̑rpu	*sьrpomà	*sьrpòmъ
accusative	*sь̑rpъ	*sь̑rpa	*sь̑rpy
instrumental	sь̑rpъmь, sь̑rpomь^*	*sьrpomà	*sьrpý
locative	*sь̑rpě	*sьrpù	*sьrpě̃xъ
vocative	*sьrpe	*sь̑rpa	*sь̑rpi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сьрпъ (sĭrpŭ)
  - Belarusian: серп (sjerp)
  - Russian: серп (serp)
  - Carpathian Rusyn: серп (serp)
  - Ukrainian: серп (serp)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: срьпъ (srĭpŭ)
- Bulgarian: сърп (sǎrp)
- Macedonian: срп (srp)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ср̑п
  
  Latin script: sȓp
- Slovene: sȓp (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: srp
  - Czech: srp
- Polabian: sarp
- Polish: sierp
- Slovak: srp
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: sеrр
  - Upper Sorbian: serp

Non-Slavic:
→ Proto-Finnic: *cirppi (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “серп”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sьrpъ sьrpa”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 156); b (PR 134); d (OSA 42, 147) segl.”

[1] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “серп”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “sьrpъ sьrpa”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 156); b (PR 134); d (OSA 42, 147) segl.”

[1]

[2]