Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sokъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sakás, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷós.[1]

Noun

*sȍkъ m[2]

  1. juice
Inflection
Declension of *sȍkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *sȍkъ *sȍka *sȍci
genitive *sȍka *sokù *sòkъ
dative *sȍku *sokomà *sokòmъ
accusative *sȍkъ *sȍka *sȍky
instrumental *sȍkъmь, *sȍkomь* *sokomà *soký
locative *sȍcě *sokù *socě̃xъ
vocative *soče *sȍka *sȍci

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ)
      • Old Ruthenian: сокъ (sok)
      • Russian: сок (sok), сокъ (sok) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: сокъ (sokŭ)
      Glagolitic: ⱄⱁⰽⱏ (sokŭ)
    • Bulgarian: сок (sok)
    • Macedonian: сок (sok)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
    • Slovene: sọ̑k (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: sok (dialectal)
    • Old Polish: sok (“juice”)
    • Old Slovak: sok
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: sok
      • Upper Sorbian: sok

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *sokʷ-ó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”).[3]

Noun

*sokъ m[3]

  1. accuser
Inflection
Declension of *sokъ (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *sokъ *soka *soci
genitive *soka *soku *sokъ
dative *soku *sokoma *sokomъ
accusative *sokъ *soka *soky
instrumental *sokъmь, *sokomь* *sokoma *soky
locative *socě *soku *socěxъ
vocative *soče *soka *soci

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ, “accuser”)
      • Russian: сок (sok, “plaintiff”)
  • South Slavic:
    • Church Slavonic: сокъ (sokŭ) (Russian recension)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: sok (“plaintiff”)
      • Czech: sok (“rival”)
    • Old Polish: sok (“slanderer”)
    • Slovak: sok (“rival”)

References

  1. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EDSIl2
  2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sȏkъ II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sokъ I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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