Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/torpъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Agent/action noun from *torpěti, *torpiti (“to push, to enforce, to bother”) +‎ *-ъ. Cognate with Latvian tar̃pa (“force, capacity”), Lithuanian tarpà (“growth”).

Noun

*tȏrpъ m

  1. haste, stagger
  2. (figurative) pillock, wazzock (fatuous, dull or hectic person)
Alternative forms
Declension
Declension of *tȏrpъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *tȏrpъ *tȏrpa *tȏrpi
genitive *tȏrpa *torpù *tõrpъ
dative *tȏrpu *torpomà *torpòmъ
accusative *tȏrpъ *tȏrpa *tȏrpy
instrumental *tȏrpъmь, *tȏrpomь* *torpomà *torpý
locative *tȏrpě *torpù *torpě̃xъ
vocative *torpe *tȏrpa *tȏrpi

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms
  • *torpьcь (diminutive)
  • *torpotъ (“hindrance, horror”)
    • Ukrainian: то́ропіт (tóropit)
  • *sǫtorpa f (“hectic woman”)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: су̏трапа
      Latin script: sȕtrapa
  • *torpadlo (“stumbler”)
  • *torpьnъ, *torpьňь (“dizzy, stunned”)
  • *torpъkъ (“bothersome, annoying (for person)”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: то́рап (tórap, “terror”)
    • Russian: то́роп (tórop, “haste”)
      • ⇒ Russian: торо́па m (torópa), торопы́га m (toropýga, “hectic person”) (colloquial)
    • Ukrainian: торо́па m (torópa, “annoying person”) (colloquial)
  • South Slavic:
    • Slovene: trȁp, trápa (“pillock, fool”) (tonal orthography)
      • ⇒ Slovene: trȃpec (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: trap (“trot”)
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тороп”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References

  1. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “trap”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *tőrpa”

Etymology 2

Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tárˀpas along with Lithuanian tárpas (“space, interval”), possibly Latvian tārps (“invertebrate”). Likely further cognate with Tocharian A tarp (“pond”). Relation to Etymology 1 not excluded, in case the acute is due to metatony.

Noun

*torpъ m

  1. cavity, trench, ditch
    Synonyms: *jama, *pazina
Declension
Declension of *torpъ (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *torpъ *torpa *torpi
genitive *torpa *torpu *torpъ
dative *torpu *torpoma *torpomъ
accusative *torpъ *torpa *torpy
instrumental *torpъmь, *torpomь* *torpoma *torpy
locative *torpě *torpu *torpěxъ
vocative *torpe *torpa *torpi

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms
  • *torpьčina (augmentative)
Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: трапъ (trapŭ)
    • Bulgarian: трап (trap)
    • Macedonian: трап (trap)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: тра̏п
      Latin script: trȁp
Further reading
  • “tarpas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
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