Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/učiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *auˀkīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁owk-éye-ti, from *h₁ewk-. Balto-Slavic cognates include Lithuanian jauki̇̀nti, jaukinù (“to tame, to domesticate”), Latvian jaûcêt (“to accustom”), Old Prussian iaukint (“to exercise”). Other Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit उच्यति (ucyati, “to be accustomed to”), Old Armenian ուսանիմ (usanim, “to learn”), Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍄𐍃 (biūhts, “accustomed to”).[1]

Derksen has a complex discussion of the possible origin of the acute tone in Balto-Slavic, boiling down to a suggestion by Frederik Kortlandt that initial *u- yielded Balto-Slavic acute under certain conditions.[1]

Verb

*učiti impf (perfective *vyknǫti)

  1. to teach

Conjugation

Conjugation of *učiti, *uči, *učitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*učenьje *učiti *učitъ *učilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *učenъ *učimъ
Active *učь *učę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *učixъ *uči *uči *učǫ *učiši *učitь
Dual *učixově *učista *učiste *učivě *učita *učite
Plural *učixomъ *učiste *učišę *učimъ *učite *učętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *učaaxъ *učaaše *učaaše — *uči *uči
Dual *učaaxově *učaašeta *učaašete *učivě *učita —
Plural *učaaxomъ *učaašete *učaaxǫ *učimъ *učite —
    Notes:
  • (*)*učivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
  • *bezukъ (“uneducated”)
  • *naučьnъ (“scientific”)
  • *nauka (“science, teachings”)
  • *navykъ (“habit”)
  • *neukъ (“unthought”)
  • *obyčajь (“custom, tradition”)
  • *obyčajьnъ (“traditional, usual”)
  • *obyčь (“affection, fondness”)
  • *pouka (“moral (of a story), lesson”)
  • *vyknǫti (“to get used to”)

Derived terms

Derived terms (16)
  • +*jьz (“out of”): *jьzučiti (“to study”)
  • +*na (“on”): *naučiti (“to learn”), *naučati, *naučenьje, *naučiteljь, *naučьnikъ
  • +*ob (“about”): *obučiti (“to train”), *obučati, *obučenьje
  • +*po (“upon, by”): *poučiti (“to preach, to enlighten”)
  • +*pri (“unto”): *priučiti (“to get accustomed to”)
  • +*za (“for”): *zaučiti (“to coach, to tally”)
  • *neučь
  • *učenьje (“education”), *učenikъ m, *učeničьka f (“student”)

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: учити (učiti) (accent paradigm c)
    • Old Novgorodian: оуцити (ućiti)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*učìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 506

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “учить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*jьzučiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 85
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1996), “*naučiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 23 (*narodьnъjь – *navijakъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 191
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (2003), “*obučiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 30 (*obsojьnikъ – *obvedьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 238
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bezukъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 48
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