Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vyknǫti
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From an earlier *ūknǫtī, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *auk-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ewk-néw-ti, from *h₁ewk- (“to accustom”); cognate with Lithuanian jùnkti (“to get used to”), and see *učiti (“to teach”) for more cognates.[1]
Verb
*vyknǫti pf (imperfective *učiti)
Inflection
Conjugation of *vyknǫti, *vyče, *vyknetь (impf., intr., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *vyčenьje | *vyknǫti | *vyknǫtъ | *vyklъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | — | — |
| Active | *vykъ | *vykny |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *vyk(ox)ъ | *vyče | *vyče | *vyknǫ | *vykneši | *vyknetь |
| Dual | *vyk(ox)ově | *vyk(e/os)ta | *vyk(e/os)te | *vyknevě | *vykneta | *vyknete |
| Plural | *vyk(ox)omъ | *vyk(e/os)te | *vykǫ, *vykošę | *vyknemъ | *vyknete | *vyknǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *vykněaxъ | *vykněaše | *vykněaše | — | *vykni | *vykni |
| Dual | *vykněaxově | *vykněašeta | *vykněašete | *vykněvě | *vykněta | — |
| Plural | *vykněaxomъ | *vykněašete | *vykněaxǫ | *vykněmъ | *vykněte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *vykeste ⇒ *vyčeste, ...
Related terms
- *navykъ (“habit”)
- *obyčajь (“custom”)
- *obyčь (“fondness”)
- *obyknovenъ (“usual, standard”)
- *privyčьka (“tic, unconscious habit”)
- *sъvyčajь (“regular action, praxis”)
- *vyčьnъ (“accustomed to”)
Derived terms
- *sъvyknǫti (“to get used to”)
- *privyknǫti (“to get accustomed with”)
- *navyknǫti (“to acquire a habit”)
- *obyknǫti (“to get fond of, to get accustomed”)
- *otъvyknǫti (“to break a habit”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: -вы́кнуть (-výknutʹ)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: приви́кнути (pryvýknuty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: вꙑкнѫти (vyknǫti)
- Bulgarian: -викна (-vikna)
- Bulgarian: навикна (navikna), привикна (privikna), свикна (svikna), отвикна (otvikna)
- ⇒ Macedonian: свикне (svikne)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- ⇒ Cyrillic script: на̀викнути, прѝвикнути
- ⇒ Latin script: nàviknuti, prìviknuti
- West Slavic:
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vỳknǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 534
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вы́кнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “навиквам¹, навикна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 459
Etymology 2
Perfective counter-part to *vykati (“to shout”) + *-nǫti
Verb
*vyknǫti pf (imperfective *vykati)
- to shout out (South Slavic)
Inflection
Conjugation of *vyknǫti, *vyče, *vyknetь (impf., intr., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *vyčenьje | *vyknǫti | *vyknǫtъ | *vyklъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | — | — |
| Active | *vykъ | *vykny |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *vyk(ox)ъ | *vyče | *vyče | *vyknǫ | *vykneši | *vyknetь |
| Dual | *vyk(ox)ově | *vyk(e/os)ta | *vyk(e/os)te | *vyknevě | *vykneta | *vyknete |
| Plural | *vyk(ox)omъ | *vyk(e/os)te | *vykǫ, *vykošę | *vyknemъ | *vyknete | *vyknǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *vykněaxъ | *vykněaše | *vykněaše | — | *vykni | *vykni |
| Dual | *vykněaxově | *vykněašeta | *vykněašete | *vykněvě | *vykněta | — |
| Plural | *vykněaxomъ | *vykněašete | *vykněaxǫ | *vykněmъ | *vykněte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *vykeste ⇒ *vyčeste, ...
Descendants
- South Slavic:
Further reading
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вик”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 146