Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьdova

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *widewāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁widʰéwh₂, possibly from *h₁weydʰh₁-.

Baltic cognates include Old Prussian widdewū (“widow”).

Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit विधवा (vidhavā, “widow”), विधु (vidhùṣ), Ancient Greek ἠΐθεος (ēḯtheos), Latin vidua f (“widow”), viduus, Old Irish fedb f, Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍅𐍉 f (widuwō).

Also compare Lithuanian vidùs (“interior”), Latin dīvidō.

Noun

*vьdovà f[1][2][3]

  1. widow

Declension

Declension of *vьdovà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *vьdovà *vьdòvě *vьdovỳ
genitive *vьdovỳ *vьdovù *vьdòvъ
dative *vьdově̀ *vьdovàma *vьdovàmъ
accusative *vьdovǫ̀ *vьdòvě *vьdovỳ
instrumental *vьdovòjǫ, *vьdòvǫ** *vьdovàma *vьdovàmī
locative *vьdově̀ *vьdovù *vьdovàsъ, *vьdovàxъ*
vocative *vьdovo *vьdòvě *vьdovỳ

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

  • *vьdovъ
    • *vьdovьcь
    • *vьdověti, *ovьdověti

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: въдова (vŭdova)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vьdova”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 536
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “vьdova vьdovy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b widow (NA 89, 141; SA 20, 171f.; PR 135)”
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “vdova”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vьdova̋”

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вдова”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “вдова”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 136
  • Oleg Trubačóv (1959) “вдова”, in История славянских терминов родства [History of Slavic Kinship Terms] (in Russian), Moscow, page 112
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